THE, Unit 4.8 Organic Synthesis and Analysis

Question 1

Section A - Synthesis of Organic compounds….
All on you pal!

Answer 1

I’ll ask Carl for details soon
Preciate it Carl

Question 2

A few things come to play into this:
(Although generally, it rlly is that mind map)

Answer 2

• Increasing carbon chain length
• Nucleophilic/electrophilic addition/substitution
• Alkyl side chains to aromatic rings
• Decreasing carbon chain length
• Tests, observations, condition requirements & catalysts etc.

Question 3

Section B - analytical technique

Answer 3

-Ye just the ways of separating substances, ofc important

Question 4

What are the 2 types of distillations used to separate substances?

Answer 4

• Simple distillation
• Fractional distillation

Question 5

Use of simple distillation?

Answer 5

• Separate substances…
• which have different b.p.

Question 6

Use of fractional distillation?
(2-way)

Answer 6

• Separate substances…
• which have b.p. more closer together
• e.g. water + oil

Question 7

How would u go about separating 2 insoluble solids?
(2 items)

Answer 7

Use:
- Filter funnel or
- Buchner funnel under suction

Question 8

What would be the difference for the apparatus when distilling?

Answer 8

Fractional distillation has a fractionating column

Question 9

Section C - addition and condensation polymerisation

Answer 9

• Kinda links to amino acids booklet
• But the general knowledge with polymerisation

Question 10

What is addition polymerisation?
(1-2-way-1)

Answer 10

• Breaking double bonds…
• Uses one monomer to add to
• other monomers of same type
• Doesn’t eliminate any molecules

Question 11

Draw an example of addition polymerisation?

Answer 11

The stage… is present

Question 12

What is condensation polymerisation?
(2-way, one.)

Answer 12

• Involves 2 different monomers
• forming a polymer
• Losing a small product (e.g. H₂O)

Question 13

Draw an example of condensation polymerisation?

Answer 13

Bro… amino acids… come on now

Question 14

Section D - polyesters and polyamides

Answer 14

• Maybe the same as section C
• But i think it’s for repeat units?, prob just extended of section C

Question 15

What 2 types of linkages can u get for condensation polymerisation?

Answer 15

• Ester linkage
• Amide/peptide linkage

Question 16

Name of the polymer containing ester linkage?

Answer 16

Polyester

Question 17

Name of the polymer containing amide/peptide linkage?

Answer 17

Polyamide/polypeptide

Question 18

What 2 types of added monomers can contain ester linkage?

Answer 18

Alcohol + carboxylic acid

Question 19

Draw the ester linkage of commonly seen

Answer 19

C(=O)-O-C

Question 20

What 2 types of added monomers can contain amide/peptide linkage?

Answer 20

Amide + carboxylic acid

Question 21

Draw the amide/peptide linkage of commonly seen

Answer 21

C(=O)-NH

Question 22

Section E - melting point and purity

Answer 22

• Use of unit 4.4 (aldehydes and ketones)
• Identifying carbonyl compounds

Question 24

Section F - high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance

Answer 24

• Use of low resolution & high resolution NMR
• Know what each stuff means here
• Also includes the other spectrums (mass spectrum, infrared spectroscopy)

Question 25

Section G - chromatography

Answer 25

• That paper with the solvent
• Stationary phase & mobile phase
• Formula for finding Rf value
• Other types of chromatography (gas chromatography, HPLC aka High Performance Liquid Chromatography WHICH is the best one I believe)

Question 26

This may not sound resounding… but it’s a potential risk risk type shi.

Answer 26

• Revise the other things because, it’s not worth putting more effort into one thing without realising the other things (don’t make the same mistake before)
• For this in the end, we were taught of this topic more recently compared to the rest for which has been over since a few months ago
• Like i said, not a good gamble but, maybe a diligent gamble.
• Perhaps i should just possibly do questions related to this topic?