The UN

Question 1

Economic sanctions

Answer 1

Economic sanctions on Iran - due to their attempt to build nuclear weapons - Iran’s GDP fell by 5%.

Question 2

Military involvement

Answer 2

Bosnian Serb forces accused of ethnic cleansing of Bosnian Muslims - the UN put in Dutch peace-keeping forces and designated a safe city for Muslims - this was overrun by the Bosnians who massacred 8000 Muslims.

Question 3

UN security council

Answer 3

Can impose sanctions or military use - every permanent member has a veto - couldn’t use sanctions as Russia vetoed them in relation to the Ukraine war.

Question 4

SAPs

Answer 4

These are programs that countries have to follow in order to receive loans from the IMF or the World Bank.

These are generally unpopular amongst locals as they often mean a cut in public services.

For example - they made Jamaica remove tariffs on their dairy industry - which led to it being flooded by cheap dairy products - undercut all domestic farmers creating local poverty.

Question 5

MDGs - Goal 1

Answer 5

Goal 1: Eradication of extreme poverty - declined by more than half since the start of the goals - the number of people who have entered the global middle class has tripled since the 1990s.

Question 6

MDGs - Goal 3

Answer 6

Promote gender equality - in Southern Asia number of girls in primary schools has gone from 74 for every 100 boys to 103 - however in areas such as Latin America and the Middle East there has not been much more improvement.

Question 7

Sustainable development goals

Answer 7

Replaced the MDGs and set new goals - progress in reducing infant mortality and increasing the number of people with access to electricity - hasn’t been much progress in giving people access to sanitation.