The ultrastructure and function of organelles Flashcards
eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
What is a cell ?
A cell is a small unit that makes up living organisms.
There are two types
What is a Eukaryotic cell? Give examples
Any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus E.g Plant cell , Animal Cell
They are multi-cellular
Give 2 examples
What is a prokaryotic cell?Give examples
They are single-celled(uni-celullar) organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. E.g Bacteria,virus
There are 3 differences
What are the main differences between animal and plant cells?
Plant cells have a Permanent vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall whereas animal cells do not.
What are the main differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Animal cell Structures and their functions
What is the mitochondria?
The mitochondria is an organelle that releases energy and is the site of aerobic respiration.
Animal cell Structures and their functions
What is the centriole?
Paired barrel-shaped organelles located in the cytoplasm that produce spindle fibers for cell division.
Animal cell structures and their functions
What is RER ( Rough endoplasmic reticulum)?
They are membrane bound organelles that produce and package proteins into vesicles to be transported.It has ribosomes on its surface.
What are ribosomes?
They are small,circular organelles that are responsible for protein synthesis.
What is the golgi body?
An organelle that modifies proteins/lipids and packages them into the golgi vesicle.It also produces lysosomes.
What is the SER ( smooth endoplasmic reticulum)?
It is a long network of a folded, tube-like structure that is responsible for lipid synthesis, it has no ribosomes on its surface hence why it is smooth.
What is the cell surface membrane?
An organelle that controls which substances go in and out of the cell.
nucleolus
nuclear envelope
nucleoplasm
nuclear pores
