The Tudors - Henry VII Flashcards
What was Henry VII claim to the thrown?
mothers side -grandfather was Edward III’s 3rd son but was not married when John Beaufort was born
fathers side - 1/2 brother to Henry VI, Catherine was married to Henry V before Own Tudor
When did Henry VII become king?
1485 - 22 august
What was the war of the roses?
a long feud between the family of Lancaster and York
How did Henry VII secure his position as the king of England immediately?
Married Elizabeth - united houses of York and Lancaster - Tudor rose
Coronation before parliament and marriage so no one could say he had been helped
Set the date he became king the day before the battle of Bosworth so he could hold those who fought for Richard for treason
Royal progress - present power and presence
rewarded supporters in the nobility
imprisoned yorkists with better claims
what was the battle of Bosworth?
fight between Henry VII and Richard, king of England at the time
Stanley brothers watched before joining henrys side and securing a victory
many nobles died including Richard
Tudors replace the house of york
how did henry VII control the nobility?
Attainders - seize titles and possessions, allowed some to be declared guilty of treason, more at end of reign
Patronage - personally absorbed vacant lands , looked to lower men to act as royal agents
Attacks on retaining - special licence was need to keep a lot of staff, nobles found ways around
Financial control - use of bonds to keep nobles in debt to the crown
what was the council learned in the law?
manage kings financial matters, all legally trained` and acted as judges - hated and feared
How did Henry VII control the local and regional areas?
Justices of peace - several per county, responsible for public order, met a quarter sessions for more serious crimes
Ireland - power with clan chief tains
wales - restored council of wales under Jasper Tudor
How did Henry VII control the national government?
parliament had a minor role - pass laws for the king
all power derived from the monarch
committees and law courts - trusted men
How did Henry VII administrate the national finances?
surveyor investigated oney owed to the king
court of audit to monitor spending
claim payments from nobles - crown lands, feudal dues(marriage, wardship), legal dues, custom duties
Star chamber
What was the Star Chamber?
responsible for prosecuting anyone who behaved rebellious or lawless
came to be used as a court of appeal
Explain Lambert Simnel story as a pretender
resemblance of Richard of York was spotted by Richard Symonds - took Simnel to Ireland
decided to pass him off as Earl of Warwick who was currently in the tower - support from Margeret of Burgandy and John de la Pole - rebels defeated in the “last war of the roses”
Simnel was offered work in royal kitchens
Explain Perkin Warbeck’s story as a pretender?
appeared in Ireland !491 claiming to b Richard of York
welcomed to Paris by Charles VII but peace was made in 1492 and Warbeck was forced to move to burgundy
1495 sailed to Scotland to find support - befriended James who gave income and marriage of cousin
Attempt to invade England failed, warbeck fled to Ireland and gave himself up in August
he was executed in 1497 after trying to escape the Tower of London
Who was Edmund de la Pole?
rumours he wal ploting to overthrow Henry VII - fed to HRE
locked in tower of London
What were relationships with other countries like in 1485?
France - traditional enemy, Calais controlled by England ]
Spain - friendship, becoming united under Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of castile
Burgundy - trading partner, tense relationship as Edwards VI’s mother was married to the duke
