The Treaty Of Waitangi Flashcards
What is a treaty?
A formal agreement and an exchange of promises between two or more parties.
What are 5 reasons we cannot throw away the treaty
Public holiday
Both parties would need to agree
Nothing suggests it was temporary
The govt would have no right to rule
Non-maori wouldnt be allowed to live here
Education is important to stop misinformation
Maori need a strong economic base to survive
Why do we have a treaty?
- To end a war
- To create a union
To colonise
Trade deals
To decide who can live in a country
What is contra proferentem
An international law saying that the indigenous version of the treaty is the one to use when creating a treaty
What side do the treaties made often favour
The colonists
What was whale Oil and blubber used for
Blubber was used to obtain oil through boiling and Oil was used in homes or industrial processes
Where was the base station that whalers used
The bay of islands
Whaler huts could store up to how many men
100
What would whalers do during an off season
Tend to a farm or collect flax
Where and were sealing gangs dropped off at
Dusky south, the south of the South Island from the 1790s
How did sealers live
They lived on rations and slept in tents or unturned boats
How did captain cook use seals
He ate seal meat, used hide to repair rigging and used oil for lamps
Why and when did the industry die out
In the 1810s when hats had gone out of fashion and the seal population was dropping
What did people see the trees were perfect for
Boat masts
What other woods were used besides kauri
Kahikatea, rimu, and totara
How many European men were working in the industry by the 1830s
1/3 of them
What was one of NZ’s main exports
Timber
Why would forests be cleared
To make room for housing and farms
Who were bushmen
Men who lived in the bush cutting down trees. They worked long hours but not on sundays.
Why was wood needed
For housing, fences, firewood, etc
What grew around sawmills and forests
Towns
How were things sold
They were bartered
Why did missionaries come to NZ
To convert the maori
What did the missionaries feel they needed to do
Teach the maori some European skills. Also trade to survive
What were the missionaries viewed as
Traders with little to trade
What caused the Maori to gain a strong desire to learn about the Christian faith
After 1830 bibles were published in maori. Around this time slaves from the ngapuhi were freed and taught at missionary schools
What did maori turn to god for
Protection from diseases, guns and social problems
When and where did Thomas Kendal arrive
1814 in rangihoua
What did Thomas Kendal do with the maori
He enthusiastically learnt the maori language and its culture
Who and when did he go to London with
In 1820. He went to London with his teachers Hongi hika, and Waikato
Why did Hongi Hika protect the missionaries
He knew it would bring trade
What did Hongi Hika receive upon meeting the king
Chainmail and 300 muskets. This started an arms race back in NZ
Who many maori were killed by other maori
20 thousand
What was traded for muskets
Flax
Why were muskets distributed around NZ
To even out power
In 1831 how many muskets were sent from Sydney to NZ
6000
What were some examples of positive European influence
Maori could travel Maori learnt about politics Technology They learnt about money New crops Canabalism and slavery stopped
What were some examples of negative European influence
No immunity to disease
Muskets changed the way of fighting
Muskets killed thousands
Maori values were disrespected
What was the petition for that was signed by 13 norther chiefs in 1831
A petition for Britain to be their guardian
Who did Britain send
James busby, M33, the British resident for New Zealand
What was James busby sent to do
Protect the orderly British and prevent outrages from the less orderly citizens
What was the Flag James busby got good for
In 1834 the NZ flag was made which allowed ships to sail from Aussie to NZ fine
How did the Declaration of Independence come around
In 1835 James busby used Charles’ attempt to gain power in Hokianga to convince the chiefs to sign and claim their sovereignty over NZ
What was Wakefield’s scheme
While he was serving time in jail (3yrs), he came up with a plan to buy land from the maori at a low price and sell it to British for high. He would send potential buyers over to NZ on a ship named the “Tory”
When did the first passenger ship arrive in Wellington
22 January 1840
What troubles did the early settlers face
Earthquakes, fires and gales
What kind of new skills did the early settlers need.
They had to learn to: build huts, fish, cook, recognise danger, make tea and clothes and get wood.
Why did Britain create a treaty
Lawlessness
Musket wars
They wanted the resources of NZ
What did 66 million acres turn into by 1975
3 million
What were the principals of the first article
English: Maori give up full sovereignty to Britain
Maori: Maori are to give up governship (kawanatanga)
What were the principals of the second article
English: Maori are guaranteed their possessions but could only sell land to the British government
Maori: maori have full chieftainship (rangatiratanga) over everything they treasure
What are the principals of the third article
Maori have the same rights as the British colonists and will be protected by the British
What are the three types of land ownership
Maori, state and private
