The Team Around the Patient Flashcards
How have GP practices changed over time?
From the early years of the national health service, GP’s worked from their own homes
Other professionals were linked to hospitals rather than GP’s
Role of gatekeepers commenced
More professionals, larger buildings, wider range of services now being offered in the primary heath care premises
Structural changes to services provided (e.g centralisation of district nursing)
What is the traditional PHCT?
GP partners GP assistants and other salaried doctors GP registrars Practice nurses Practice managers Receptionists Community nurses Midwives Health visitors Nurse practitioners
GPs increasingly work in teams with other professionals
How are GPs related to the NHS and independent from the NHS?
Most GPs are independent contractors to the NHS
In most cases they are responsible for providing adequate premises from which to practice and for employing their own staff
What aspects of patient care might practice nurses be involved in?
obtaining blood samples ECGs minor and complex wound management including leg ulcers travel health advice and vaccinations child immunisations and advice family planning & women’s health including cervical smears men’s health screening sexual health services smoking cessation.
What is the role of a district nurse?
Visit patients in care homes or residential homes
Provide increasingly complex care for patients and supporting family members
Teaching and supporting role, instructing people how to care for themselves and others
Try to minimise admission and readmission rates
What is the role of a midwife?
Midwives provide care during all stages of pregnancy, labour and the early postnatal period.
Where do midwives work?
Community - in homes of patients, local clinics, children’s centres and GP’s surgeries
Can work in the hospital too (antenatal, labour and postnatal wards and neonatal units)
What are the roles of the health visitor?
Lead and deliver child and family health services
(Offering parenting advice on family health and minor illnesses. New birth visits which include advice on feeding, weaning, and dental health. Physical and developmental checks. Specific support on subjects like post natal depression. Liase with other health professionals such as nursery nurses and keep an overview of the heath and well being of the families in your area)
Provide ongoing additional services for vulnerable children and families
(Good at assessing vulnerable families, can refer to specialists such as SALT, they can arrange access to support groups)
Contribute to multidisciplinary services in safeguarding and protecting children
(Recognise risk factors, triggers of concern and signs of abuse and neglect in children. Assess the risk of harm to a child. Involved in every stage of the child protection process.
What is the role of a macmillan cancer nurse?
Specialise in cancer and palliative care
Specialised pain and symptoms control
Emotional support for both the patient and their family or carer
Care in a variety of settings (hospital, home, local clinic)
Information about cancer treatments and side effects
Advise other members of the caring team
Co-ordinated care between hospital and the patients home
Advice on other forms of support, including financial help.
Can you name some allied health professionals?
Physiotherapy
Occupational therapy
Dietetics
Podiatry
Pharmacy
Counselling
What is the role of a pharmacist?
Making sure that patients get the maximum benefit from their medicines
Advise medical and nursing staff on which drugs to use and how to sue them.
They help patients manage their medicines to ensure optimal treatment
Can prescribe medicines if they have had the relevant training
Who do dietetics work for?
NHS
Food industry
Education
Research and freelance basis
What are some of the responsibilities of dietetics?
Working with people that have special dietary needs
Informing the general public about nutrition
Offering unbiased advice
Evaluating and improving treatments
Educating patients / clients, other healthcare professionals and community groups
What is the role of a physiotherapist?
Treat people with physical problems
Try to identify and maximise movement through health promotion, preventative healthcare, treatment and rehabilitation
Manual therapy
Therapeutic exercise
Electrophysical modalities
What is the role of occupational therapy?
Help people with physical and psychiatric conditions to live independently and without disability in all aspects of daily life
What areas do occupational therapists work?
physical rehabilitation mental health services learning disability primary care paediatrics environmental adaptation care management equipment for daily living
What is the role of a care manager?
Identify patients goals
Locate specific support health services that enhance well being
Help with decision making
How are GP premises changing?
Many existing premises are too small or unit for purpose and growing numbers of new GPs need to be accommodated
Traditional doctor-owned premises are being replaced by larger buildings owned and developed by private companies
Wider range of services in enlarged premises
What is the political pressure for GPs?
Reduce the cost of treatments
Provide more treatments closer to where patients live
Describe the development of new and extended professional roles
Development of healthcare assistants (often from existing staff)
Extended role of pharmacists in medicines’ management and minor illness
Development of nurse prescribing and trage
List some of the forum on teamworking in primary healthcare
Patient, carer or their representative is to be recognised as an essential member of the primary healthcare team
A common agreed purpose is to be established
Decide a set of objectives and monitor progress towards them
Agree teamwork conditions including a process to resolve conflict
Each team member should acknowledge the skills and knowledge of team colleagues
Communication between its members including the patient
Select a leader based on their leadership skills - include all relevant professionals in the team
Promote teamwork across health and social care
Teamworking should be evaluated on the basis of sound evidence
Sharing of patient information should be in compliance with the law and professional requirements
Interprofessional collaboration and understanding to be established by use of conferences, education and training initiatives
What is the main challenge associated with larger practices?
Initiating effective team work
What is the purpose of integration of health and social care?
Reduce unnecessary admissions to hospital and delayed discharges (focus on anticipatory and preventative care)
More efficient use of limited resources
Improves outcomes for patient and service users
Putting patients and not services at the centre of decisions
Aims to provide support and care in other environments outside the hospital setting such as home and homely settings
What is the name of the act that merges health and social care?
The public bodies (joint working) (Scotland) ACT 2014
They created integration authorities with a view of breaking down barriers to joint working between NHS boards and local authorities
Health and social care budgets were allgined
Nationally agreed outcomes were set
Adult hospital services, primary care and community health services were merged with adult social services in terms of governance, planning and resourcing.
NHS boards and local authorities jointly submit an integration scheme to the integration authority. The integration scheme contains functions that are to be delegated to the integration authority.
National Health and Wellbeing Outcomes are what the integration schemes are measured against to assess their impact
What are the two ways NHS boards and Local authorities can integrate their services?
The joint board model or the lead agency model
What is in the integrated joint board model?
There are areas of service from both health care and social care that are delegated to the integration authorities as set out by the integration scheme. The integrated joint board plans and resources service provisions with regard to the delegated areas of service.
NHS boards and local authorities delegate budgets to the IJB which then decide how to use the resources
Who is on the integrated joint board?
Representatives from the NHS board and Local authorities
NHS board = non-executive directors
Local authorities = councillors
A carer representitive
GP representitive
Nurse representitive
Secondary medical care practitioner
Service user representitive
Staff side representitive
Third sector representative
Officer who is responsible for financial administration
Chief officer and chief social worker
