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History: Modern World, paper 2 > The Suffragettes > Flashcards

The Suffragettes Flashcards

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1
Q

What does NUWSS stand for?

A

National Union of Women’s Suffrage Society

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2
Q

What does WSPU stand for?

A

Women Social and Political Union

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3
Q

Who were the NUWSS?

A

They were the suffragists.

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4
Q

Who were the WSPU?

A

They were the suffragettes.

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5
Q

Who was the leader of the NUWSS?

A

The leader was Millicent Fawcett who set up the NUWSS in 1897.

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6
Q

Who was the leader of the WPSU?

A

The leader was Emmeline Pankurst who set up the WSPU in 1903.

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7
Q

Who was violent, the suffragists or the suffragettes?

A

The suffragettes were the violent ones.

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8
Q

What are reasons for women having the vote?

A
  • The vote will get rid of inequalities
  • The vote will improve men’s moral and sexual behavior
  • It would stop prostitution
  • Emmeline Pankhurst - “It is our duty to make their world a better place for women. If we get the vote, it will mean changed conditions for our less fortunate sisters”.
  • Member of the NUWSS - “The time has come for women to help and the first step to this lies in winning the vote for without this they have no power”.
  • Voting is a “right” in which women are entitled
  • Many other countries were giving women the vote
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9
Q

What are the reasons against women having the vote?

A
  • Women couldn’t fight in the army so therefore shouldn’t have a say
  • Women are too violent
  • The WSPU lost support through violence
  • The Government shouldn’t be seen as giving into violence
  • Women and men have separate “spheres”
  • Women are already represented by their husbands
  • Not all men have the vote, so women shouldn’t either
  • A women’s place is in the home
  • Wives are expected to have the same view as their husbands (politic view)
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10
Q

What happened in February 1907?

A

The NUWSS held a procession in London where 3000 women marched. It was called the “mud march” due to the bad weather.

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11
Q

What happened in 1909?

A

More WSPU members were sent to prison. They demanded to be treated as political prisoners and go on hunger strike. The Government didn’t want dead women on it’s hands to started to force feed them.

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12
Q

What happened in 1910?

A
  • The NUWSS produce a Conciliation Bill which gave women the vote.
  • The WSPU protests and this turns into “Black Friday” which was a fight with police resulting in many women being physically and sexually assaulted by officers.
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13
Q

What happened in 1911?

A

The Government stalled on the Conciliation Bill again and announces it is dropping the Bill. It then introduced a new Reform Bill to give more votes to men.

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14
Q

What happened in 1913?

A

The WSPU campaign increases in violence such as building being bombed and burnt down. The Government introduces the Cat and Mouse Act.

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15
Q

What happened in June 1913?

A

Emily Davidson kills herself by running out in front of the King’s horse at the Derby.

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16
Q

What happened in 1914?

A

The WSPU violence increases and public were now against the vote.

  • Women were now banned from art galleries and museums.
  • Both the suffragettes and the suffragists stop their campaign to help in the war.
17
Q

How did the suffragists and suffragettes try to win the vote?

A
  • Propaganda
  • Meetings and demonstrations
  • Put pressure on Parliament
  • Civil disobedience
  • Hunger Strikes
18
Q

What were the violent methods that the suffragettes did?

A
  • Attacking property - such as politician’s houses and churches
  • Attacking people - they aimed at politician’s
19
Q

What reaction did the Government take?

A
  • Policing
  • Force-feeding
  • the Cat and Mouse Act - 1913
20
Q

How did violent methods of the suffragettes help?

A
  • They made female suffrage front page news
  • They bought it to the attention of the Government and public
  • It received lots of publicity
  • Asquith was already firmly against the vote, so the violence didn’t effect his opinion
21
Q

How didn’t violent methods of the suffragettes help?

A
  • The violence gave the Government an excuse not to give in to the suffragettes
  • The violence turned moderate men against the idea of votes for women
  • The violence supported the view that women were not responsible enough to have the vote
22
Q

Some facts about the NUWSS (the suffragists)?

A
  • 1910 - they have over 21,000 members
  • They had middle class and Liberal links but also w/c members
  • They carried out a non-violent and traditional campaign
  • They received support from a number of secret MP’s
23
Q

Some facts about the WPSU (the suffragettes)?

A
  • They employed 98 women office workers in London
  • They were associated with upper class but also w/c members
  • They carried out a violent and militant campaign
24
Q

What did women do in WW1?

A
  • Emmeline Pankhurst suspended all militant activities
  • Some went into the front line and worked in nursing
  • Some women worked as bus conductors, shop assistants, office cleaners and police officers
  • Some women worked in the land army (farms)
  • Some women developed lead poisoning due to working in munition factories
25
Q

What happened after the war?

A
  • Women were expected to leave their jobs and return to pre-war jobs
  • Assumption that “a woman’s place is in the home” returned
  • Percentage of working women returned to pre-war levels
  • More women than before worked in offices
  • Women turned into “flappers”
26
Q

What are the main reasons why women got the vote?

A
  • The suffrage movement
  • Women’s war effort in WW1
  • Other countries in the World giving women the vote
  • Attitudes changing
27
Q

When did women get the vote?

A

For women 30 and over who owned some property

28
Q

What was the traditional view?

A

Women would have not got the vote without the war.
Historian - John Ray:
“Women proved by their work that they deserved the vote equally with men”.

29
Q

What was the revisionist view?

A

World War 1 wasn’t that important.
Historian - Martin Pugh:
“The war was too simplistic”.

History: Modern World, paper 2 (3 decks)

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