The sucky parts of Industrialism

Question 1

What was the social impact of industrialization?

Answer 1

1. Alienation: Marx talked about this a lot! The constant, repetitive tasks linked with working in the factories led to the alienation of workers from their product, from other workers, from the act of production, from their purpose to humans to create
2. Exploitation of workers
3. Atomization: You lived in a society of strangers. The breakdown of old solidarities, causes new social bonds to form
4. Urbanization: Everyone lived in shacks in the city instead of like, towns and homes

Question 2

What were the differences between craftsmanship and industrial labour?

Answer 2

Pre-industrial craftsmanship: The craftsman makes the whole object, from beginning to end. The process is under their control, and takes place in the home with guilds that provide professional support
Industrial labour: No creativity allowed. Same monotonous tasks over and over, you have to work in the factory because guilds are abolished

Question 3

What sort of things did Factory Legislation enact?

Answer 3

1. It created a minimum working age of 9. Before this, they had to be in school
2. Kids age 10-14 worked a half day
3. Women could not work more than 56 hours a week. (bourgeoisie wanted to protect them from the dirt and grime

Question 4

Discuss the thoughts of Friedrich Engels

Answer 4

Engels teamed up with Marx to write the communist manifesto. German dude! Said that the urban environment was degrading and demoralizing. Human beings couldn’t possibly live well in the slums, and capitalism sucks because you intentionally build things that break down so you can keep building things

Question 5

What were the three great ideologies?

Answer 5

Liberalism: Means something very different than it does now. All about progress! The basis of political rights is private property. Everyone can succeed if they work hard, and free trade/circulation of capital is the best thing ever
Conservatism: Again, very different. The rural village is idealized, as well as the aristocracy and the paternalistic responsibilities of overlords towards peasants
Socialism: Critiques the working condition of the 19th century. Workers produce wealth, but do not receive their share of the profits. They should unite to seize power, eliminate property, and redistribute the wealth