The Study of Life (CH. 1)

Question 1

smallest and most fundamental unit of matter

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

alteration in a body system in response to environmental change

Answer 2

acclimatization

Question 3

change of the set point in a homeostatic system

Answer 3

Alteration

Question 4

the study of life

Answer 4

Biology

Question 5

smallest fundamental unit of structure and funtion in living things

Answer 5

cell

Question 6

a researcher’s final analysis of their experimental results that gets reported to the scientific community

Answer 6

conclusion

Question 7

part of an experiment that does not change during the experiment

Answer 7

control

Question 7

the component of a feedback loop that compares the stimulus to the set point

Answer 7

control center

Question 8

is the variable in the experiment that is measured by the researcher

Answer 8

dependent variable

Question 9

the component of a feedback loop that causes a change to return the body to the set point

Answer 9

effector

Question 10

organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

Answer 10

eukaryote

Question 11

the process of gradual change in a population or species over time

Answer 11

evolution

Question 12

able to be disproven by experimental results

Answer 12

falsifiable

Question 13

ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions

Answer 13

homeostasis

Question 14

suggested explanation for an observation, which one can test

Answer 14

hypothesis

Question 15

the variable that is manipulated by the researcher in order to exert an effect on the
dependent variable

Answer 15

independent variable

Question 16

large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

Answer 16

macromolecule

Question 17

chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds

Answer 17

molecule

Question 18

collection of related tissues grouped together performing a common function

Answer 18

organ

Question 19

level of organization that consists of functionally related interacting organs

Answer 19

organ system

Question 20

small structures that exist within cells and carry out cellular functions

Answer 20

organelle

Question 21

individual living entity

Answer 21

organism

Question 22

diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species
based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both; in essence, a hypothesis
concerning evolutionary connections

Answer 22

phylogenetic tree

Question 23

single-celled organism that lacks organelles and does not have nuclei surrounded by a nuclear
membrane

Answer 23

prokaryote

Question 24

knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws, especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method

Answer 24

science

Question 25

method of research with defined steps that include observation, formulation of a hypothesis, testing, and supporting or falsifying the hypothesis

Answer 25

scientific method

Question 26

component of a feedback loop that provides the control center with information

Answer 26

sensor

Question 27

midpoint or target point in homeostasis

Answer 27

set point

Question 28

factors of an experiment that are controlled (kept constant) between all groups

Answer 28

standardized variables

Question 29

tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena

Answer 29

theory

Question 30

group of similar cells carrying out related functions

Answer 30

tissue