The Structure of substances Flashcards
What is a compound
Two or more elements are chemically combined
What is bonding
When atoms react together
These bond occur when atoms transfer or share electrons
A compound is formed
What are ions
Atoms that have lost or gained electrons
What is an ionic bond
Between a metal and a non metal
Covalent bonds
Very strong
Between non metals
Electrons are shared
An example giant covalent structures
Diamond
Graphite
Why can graphite conduct electricity
One electron from each atom is delocalised
It is the only non-metal element to do this
What is a lattice
A regular arrangement of positive ions held together by delocalised electrons
What do delocalised electrons do
Hold atoms in regular shapes
Bent and shaped because atoms slide over each other
Move around freely, conducting electricity and heat
What is an alloy
Made out of two metals
What is nanoscience
Is the study of structures that are 1-100 nanometer a in size
What are the properties of nanoparticales
Are sensitive to heat, light and magnetism
Electrons can move though an insulating layer of atoms
Possess a high surface area in relation to volume
What do nanocomposites do
Added to plastics make stronger, stiffer and lighter
What are nanocomposites used for
Car industry
Medical and dental application
What is smart materials
Types of nanostructures which are designed to have specific properties
