The structural particle 地

Question 1

What is the function of the structural particle 地?

Answer 1

(a) to mark when a disyllabic adjective modifies a verb adverbially. (will generally follow a disyllabic adjective, almost always follows if the adverbial adjunct is preceded by another adjunct).

Question 2

Where is 地 located in the sentence?

Answer 2

地 immediately follows the adjective that is becoming an adverb, and precedes the verb that adverb modifies.

Question 3

They are watching intensely.

Answer 3

他们正在紧张地看吗。

Question 4

He works extremely (非常) hard.

Answer 4

她非常努力地工作。

Question 5

What is the effect of duplicating the adjective in the adverbial adjunct?

Answer 5

It is equivalent of adding 很 or 非常 before the adjective, meaning 地 cannot be omitted. (*note repetition of disyllabic adjectives will take the form AABB)

Question 6

The goods shelf is set up (displayed) in very (duplication) good order in respect to the foodstuffs.

Answer 6

货架上整整齐齐地摆着各种吃的。