The Stomach - Medications

Question 1

Indications for PPIs (3).

Answer 1

1. Peptic Ulcer Disease.
2. Dyspepsia and GORD.
3. Eradication of H. Pylori.

Question 2

Mechanism of Action of PPIs.

Answer 2

Irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in Gastric Parietal cells to reduce gastric acid secretion.

Question 3

Adverse Effects of PPIs (4).

Answer 3

1. GI Disturbances.
2. Headache.
3. Hypomagnesemia (Tetany and Ventricular Arrhythmia) and Hyponatraemia.
4. Increased Risk of Fractures (Osteoporosis).
5. Microscopic Colitis.
6. Increased Risk of C. difficile infection.

Question 4

Examples of PPIs (2).

Answer 4

1. Omeprazole.

2. Lansoprazole.

Question 5

Indications of H2 Antagonists (2).

Answer 5

1. 2nd Line in Peptic Ulcer Disease.

2. GORD and Dyspepsia.

Question 6

Mechanism of Action of H2 Antagonists (2).

Answer 6

1. Gastric Parietal cell secretes H+ into stomach lumen in exchange for K= into the cell.
2. The proton pump is stimulated by Histamine (released by local paracrine cells).

Question 7

Example of H2 Antagonist (1).

Answer 7

1. Ranitidine.