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History (French Revolution - The Emergence And Spread Of The Terror, September 1792-1795) > The Spread Of The Terror > Flashcards

The Spread Of The Terror Flashcards

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1
Q

How many victims were there in the Terror between 1792 and 1794?

A

40000

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2
Q

How many victims of the Terror were guillotined?

A

17,000

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3
Q

Between September and December 1793, how many cases were brought before the Revolutionary Tribunal?

A

500,000

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4
Q

What percentage of the executions between September and December 1793 were the nobility and the percentage of clergy too?

A 
Nobility = 9%
Clergy = 7%
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5
Q

When was Marie Antoinette tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal? And what was she the first of?

A

14th October 1793, she was the first of the show trial to satisfy sans-culottes

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6
Q

When was Marie Antoinette guillotined?

A

16th October 1793

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7
Q

How many Girondin ministers were tried on the 24th October 1793? And when were they guillotined?

A

21, they were guillotined on the 31st October 1793

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8
Q

When was the duc d’Orleans tried?

A

6th November 1793

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9
Q

When did Saint-Just make a speech for the CPS saying, “the provisional government of France is revolutionary until there is peace”?

A

10th October 1793

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10
Q

What did the campaign involve from the 10th October 1793?

A

Comites de surveillance monitoring residents, armees revolutionaries crack counter-revolutionary activity, spies from the CGS and representants-en-mission pursue revolutionary justice

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11
Q

How many were guillotined in the Vendee?

A

7873

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12
Q

How many were drowned in the Vendee between November 1793 and January 1794?

A

2000

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13
Q

Who directed the suppression of Toulon?

A

Barras and Freron

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14
Q

By the end of 1794, how many had been executed in Lyons?

A

2000

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15
Q

What did Hebert and Chaumette encourage the sans-culottes to do?

A

Close churches and destroy religious signs.

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16
Q

When did the Paris Commune make Dechristianisation an official policy?

A

October 1793

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17
Q

When was there an order to close all remaining churches?

A

November 1793

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18
Q

What did the Notre Dame Cathedral get transformed into in November 1793?

A

The ‘Temple of Reason’

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19
Q

What was organised by the Paris Commune in November 1793?

A

A ‘Festival of Reason’

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20
Q

What happened due to the decree on the ‘liberty of cults’?

A

Religious toleration was reaffirmed

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21
Q

When did the Law of 14 Frimaire II become established?

A

4th December 1793

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22
Q

What were departements now responsible for, due to the Law of Frimaire II?

A

Collection of taxes and provisions of public works

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23
Q

What what were closed and disbanded due to the Law of Frimaire II?

A

Armees revolutionaries in March 1794 and popular societies

24
Q

How did the Law of Frimaire II make the CPS supreme?

A

A highly centralised structure of government was enforced

25
Q

When were the 2 laws of Ventôse passed?

A

January and March 1794

26
Q

What did the 2 laws of Ventôse mean for patriots?

A

Land from counter-revolutionaries was given a share of their property

27
Q

What did Hebert claim Robespierre was setting up in the first months of 1794?

A

A dictatorship

28
Q

Who were some individuals that were ‘Indulgents’?

A

Danton and Desmoulins

29
Q

What did Robespierre argue was needed to achieve a ‘Republic of Virtue’?

A

Self-sacrifice

30
Q

Which groups of people did Saint-Just denounce in March 1794 to the Convention?

A

Hebertists and Indulgents

31
Q

When was Hebert executed?

A

24th March 1794

32
Q

When were Danton and Desmoulins guillotined?

A

5th April 1794

33
Q

What started to break down due to the criticism of the ‘triumvirate’ of the CPS?

A

The power of the sans-culottes, Paris Commune and sectional societies

34
Q

How many were guillotined between March and June 1794?

A

1000

35
Q

What did Robespierre introduce on the Revolutionary Calendar to establish central control?

A

National days

36
Q

When did the decree happen where the French people recognised the existence of the Supreme Being?

A

7th May 1794

37
Q

When did the new scheme, the Festival of the Supreme Being, get designed?

A

8th June 1794

38
Q

Who became the President of the Convention due to the Festival of the Supreme Being?

A

Robespierre

39
Q

What did the Law of 22 Prairial do to intensify the Terror?

A

Simplify the judicial process by making convictions easier

40
Q

When did the Law of 22 Prairial get established?

A

10th June 1794

41
Q

What became the only 2 possible verdicts for those tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal due to the Law of 22 Prairial?

A

Acquittal and death

42
Q

After the Law of 22 Prairial, the accused were still allowed witnesses and defences. True or false.

A

False

43
Q

Between the Law of 22 Prairial and the 26th July (8 Thermidor) how many death sentences were pronounced? And how many were acquitted?

A

1284, of which 278 were acquitted

44
Q

What was the time between the Law of 22 Prairial and 8 Thermidor called?

A

The ‘Great Terror’

45
Q

What were the percentages of the victims of the Great Terror? (For nobles, clergy and bourgeoisie)

A 
Nobles = 35%
Clergy = 25%
Bourgeoisie = 40%
46
Q

What steps were taken by Robespierre on 5 Thermidor (23rd July 1794)?

A

Force back rising wages and set a maximum wage

47
Q

Which 2 individuals set up a police network to hunt for counter-revolutionaries to infringe CGS powers?

A

Robespierre and Saint-Just

48
Q

Why was local government breaking down?

A

An overload of work and atmosphere of fear

49
Q

Why were Catholic priests and atheists angered?

A

The cult of the Supreme Being

50
Q

Why were there growing suspicions of Robespierre during mid-1794?

A

His absence from the CPS

51
Q

When did Robespierre reappear before the National Convention to give his last speech?

A

8 Thermidor (26th July 1794)

52
Q

What did Robespierre on 8 Thermidor accuse different committees, including the CGS, of doing?

A

Conspiring against ‘public liberty’

53
Q

When did Saint-Just arrive at the Convention to deliver a speech?

A

9 Thermidor (27th July 1794)

54
Q

Who did Commune forces liberate?

A

Robespierre and the other deputies

55
Q

Who attempted to retake Robespierre from Commune forces?

A

The National Convention

56
Q

Who was found guilty and guillotined on 10 Thermidor (28th July 1794)? How many associates also faced the same fate as this individual?

A

Robespierre and 22 associates of his

57
Q

How many out of the 95 Commune members lost their lives by 30th July 1794?

A

87

History (French Revolution - The Emergence And Spread Of The Terror, September 1792-1795) (2 decks)

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