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anatomy > the spleen, thymus gland & thoracic duct > Flashcards

the spleen, thymus gland & thoracic duct Flashcards

1
Q

-the spleen is formed of ………..
- participating in the body’s …….as a site of ………….

A
  • large encapsulated mass of lymphoid and vascular tissue
  • defense system
    lymphocytes proliferation
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2
Q
  • prenatally, it’s a ……….. but after birth is involved in …….&…….&……….. RBCs
  • it act as ……..
A
  • hematopoietic organ
  • identifying & removing & destroying
  • blood reservoirs
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3
Q

describe the position of the spleen

A

it’s situated in the left hypochondrium between the fundus of the stomach and the diaphragm , its long axis lies approximately in the plane of the10th rib

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4
Q

describe the dimensions and size of the spleen

A
  • the size of the one’s fist
  • 1 thickness , 3 breadth , 5 length
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5
Q

describe the shape of the spleen

A

varies according to the pressure by neighboring structure at time of death , it has :
- two ends post , ant
- two borders sup , inf
- two surfaces diaphragmatic and visceral

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6
Q

post (medial) end of the spleen directed …..,……&……and faces ……..

A

-upward , backwards & medially
- the vertebral column

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7
Q

ant (lateral) end of the spleen directed ……,…..&……
it expanded & commonly forms a margin.

A
  • downward, forward & laterally
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8
Q

-the sup border of the spleen is usually ……..and …….
- near its ant end has ………indicating ……..form of the spleen in early fetal life .

A
  • convex & sharp
  • one or two notches
  • the lobulated
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9
Q

the inf border of the spleen is more …….and …….than the sup border.

A

blunt & rounded

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10
Q

the intermediate border of the spleen is …….and corresponds to its …….

A

rounded
hilum

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11
Q

diaphragmatic surface of the spleen is …… & ……and is related to diaphragm which separates it from ……..

A
  • convex & smooth
  • the lowest parts of the lung , pleura & 9th to 11th ribs
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12
Q

visceral surface of the spleen faces ……..

A

abdominal cavity

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13
Q

list impressions of the visceral surface of the spleen

A
  1. the gastric impression
  2. the renal impression
  3. the colic impression
  4. the pancreatic impression
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14
Q

describe the gastric impression of the visceral surface of the spleen

A
  • broad & concave
  • related to the stomach (fundus)
  • the spleen is separated from the stomach by a recess of the greater sac
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15
Q

at the lower part of the gastric impression lies the ……….. of the spleen which gives passage for the splenic vessels and nerves

A

hilum

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16
Q

at the lower part of the …….. impression lies the hilum of the spleen which gives passage for the splenic vessels and nerves

A

gastric

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17
Q

at the …………of the gastric impression lies the hilum of the spleen which gives passage for the splenic vessels and nerves

A

lower part

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18
Q

at the lower part of the gastric impression lies the hilum of the spleen which gives passage for …………

A

the splenic vessels and nerves

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19
Q

describe the renal impression

A
  • located on the lowest part of the visceral surface close to the inf border
  • separated from the gastric impression above by a raised intermediate margin and the hilum of the spleen
  • it’s related to the left kidney
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20
Q

describe the colic impression

A
  • flat
  • lie close to the extreme lateral end of the spleen
  • related to the left colic flexure & phrenico-colic ligament
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21
Q

describe the pancreatic impression

A
  • small & situated between the colic impression and the lateral part of the hilum
  • it’s related to the tail of the pancreas which lies in the lienorenal ligament
22
Q

the spleen is completely surrounded by………… & is connected to the left kidney by …………..ligament and to the stomach by ………….ligament.

A
  • peritoneum of the great sac
  • lieno-renal (spleno-renal)
    -(gastro-splenic)
23
Q

the spleen develops from ………. of the dorsal mesogastrium dividing that part into gastrosplenic and lienorenal ligaments.

A

upper part

24
Q

the spleen develops from upper part of the …………. dividing that part into gastrosplenic and lienorenal ligaments.

A

dorsal mesogastrium

25
the spleen develops from upper part of the dorsal mesogastrium dividing that part into................
gastrosplenic and lienorenal ligaments.
26
lienorenal (splenorenal) ligament is a peritoneal fold connects .............
the front of the left kidney with the spleen
27
list contents of lienorenal ligament
1. splenic artery with sympathetic fibers & splenic vein 2. tail of pancreas 3. pancreatico-splenic lymph nodes and vessels 4. extraperitoneal fatty tissue
28
describe the surface anatomy of the spleen
- correspond to an area opposite the 9th,10th & 11th rib ( the inf border corresponds to the lower margin of 11th rib) - its post end being about 1½ inches from the mid dorsal line at the level of the 10th thoracic vertebral spine - its ant end reach reaches the mid axillary line
29
illustrate blood supply of the spleen
1. artery: splenic artery 2. vein: splenic vein 3. lymphatic drainage : - capsule& trabeculae drain into pancreaticosplenic LNs - splenic pulp has no lymphatic drainage
30
describe the innervation of the spleen.
sympathetic from the colic plexus
31
the thymus gland is .........formed of ....... it's located in the .......
- ductless gland - lymphoid tissue - inf part of the neck and the ant part of the sup mediastinum & extend into the ant mediastinum where it lies posterior to the manubrium and anterior to the fibrous pericardium
32
thymus change according the age: - it's well developed during ......& ........ - it reach its maximum size in the ......and remain so until after puberty after which it gradually involutes and becomes largely replaced by .........
- fetal & early post natal life (childhood) - 2nd year after birth fat and fibrous tissue
33
illustrate arterial supply of the thymus
ant intercostal & ant mediastinum branches of the internal thoracic artery
34
illustrate venous drainage of the thymus
veins of the thymus end in the left : brachiocephalic , internal thoracic and inf thyroid veins
35
illustrate the lymphatic vessels of the thymus
end in the parasternal , brachiocephalic and tracheobronchial LNs
36
def of the thoracic duct
-it's a long thin walled duct (38-45cm) - convey most of the lymph of the body to the blood stream
37
thoracic duct arise from the .........
cisterna chyli (elongated lymph sac) that lies in front of L1, L2 vertebrae.
38
thoracic duct enter the thorax through the .........of the diaphragm between azygos vein on its right side and aorta on its left side
- the aortic opening
39
thoracic duct enter the thorax through the aortic opening of the diaphragm between ........... on its right side and ....... on its left side
azygos vein aorta
40
in the post mediastinum , the thoracic duct ascend till ........where it crosses.............to its left side
T5 vertebrae behind the esophagus
41
in the sup mediastinum , the thoracic duct ascend on the left side of the ........ to the root of the neck
esophagus
42
in the root of the neck , the thoracic duct arch laterally at the level of .........behind ..........and its content to open in the angle between ......&.......
-C7 vertebral transverse process -the left carotid sheath - left internal Jugular vein & the left subclavian vein
43
illustrate the tributaries of thoracic duct
it drains lymph : 1- below the diaphragm (both side of the body ): via cisterna chyli 2. above the diaphragm ( left ½ of the body): through the following lymph trunk (LT) -Lt jugular LT drain Lt side head & neck - Lt subclavian LT drain Lt upper limb - Lt bronchmediastinal LT drain Lt ½ of the thoracic cavity
44
any of the 3 mentioned LT can open separately in the angle between ..........& ...........instead of the thoracic duct
- left internal jugular vein & the left subclavian vein
45
the thoracic duct contains a number of valves , 2 of them are present at its termination to prevent .................
regurgitation of venous blood into the duct
46
the thoracic duct contains a number of valves ,...................... are present at its termination to prevent regurgitation of venous blood into the duct
2 of them
47
the thoracic duct contains ................... , 2 of them are present at its termination to prevent regurgitation of venous blood into the duct
a number of valves
48
-Rt lymphatic duct is a short duct being ........along . - it's present in the ....... - it drains lymph from ........
- 1 cm - Rt side of the root of the neck - the Rt ½ of the body above the diaphragm
49
Rt lymphatic duct formed by union of which lymph trunk (LT)?
- Rt jugular LT which drain Rt side of the head and neck - Rt subclavian LT which drain the Rt upper limb - Rt bronchomediastinal LT which drain the Rt ½ of the thoracic cavity
50
the Rt lymphatic duct terminate in the angle between ...........&............
Rt internal jugular vein & Rt subclavian vein
51
each of the 3 lymph trunks that form the Rt lymphatic duct may open separately at the site of ..........
termination of the duct it self

anatomy (2 decks)

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