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Spine > The spine, columna vertebral > Flashcards

The spine, columna vertebral Flashcards

1
Q

early in life you have ____ bones of the vertebral column, that is divided into 5 division. In adult the bone is comprised of ___ bones because bones in sacrum and coccyx fused

A

33,26

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2
Q

Cervical ___, Thoracic ___, Lumbar ___

A

7,12,5

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3
Q

how many sacrum do children have?

A

5

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4
Q

Primary curves are split into 2, first and second, what are they?

A

1st Primary curve is Thoracic curvature

2nd Primary curve is Sacral curvature

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5
Q

Primary curves are …

A

convex (rounded outward)

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6
Q

Compensatory curves are…

A

concave, (lordotic curves)

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7
Q

Compensatory curves are split into two what are they?

A

Cervical curvature, and Lumbar curvature

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8
Q

this condition refers to an abnormal increased anterior concavity of lumbar spine

A

Lordosis

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9
Q

This condition refers to abnormal condition characterized by increased convexity of thoracic curvature

A

Kyphosis

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10
Q

When you have an abnormal exaggerated lateral curvature, you have…

A

scoliosis

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11
Q

Pedicles connect transverse process to…

A

body of spinous bones

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12
Q

Laminae connects transverse process to…

A

Spinous process

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13
Q

what curves are present at birth and what type of curve is it?

A

Primary curve, Convex

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14
Q

when several vertebrae are stacked, it forms a vertebral ____

A

Canal

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15
Q

what extends posteriorly between laminae?

A

Spinous process

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16
Q

when articular processes are stacked together by superior and inferior articular surfaces, what is this joint called?

A

Zygapophyseal joint

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17
Q

what cervical bones are designed to join the skull

A

C1 and C2

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18
Q

which cervical bone is designed to join the thoracic spine?

A

C7

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19
Q

C-3 to C-6 contains _ vertical foramen, ____ and ____ transverse foramen and vertebral foramen. The spinous process of these cervicals are _____ pointed

A

3, right and left, double

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20
Q

what is special about C1?

A

Has no body

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21
Q

what arches extend between lateral masses and form a ring?

A

anterior and posterior arches

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22
Q

what does the transverse atlantal ligament do?

A

receives the dens of C2

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23
Q

what does C7 has that the other cervical bones don’t?

A

vertebra prominens

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24
Q

to find C4-C6 what anatomical landmark do you use?

A

Thyroid cartilage

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25
Q

C7 can be found by using what anatomical landmark?

A

Vertebra prominens

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26
Q

what does Thoracic vertebrae has that no other bones have? what kind of joint does it form

A

articular surface for ribs call demifacets. Forms a costovertebral joint

27
Q

what does the 9th thoracic body has ?

A

Only a superior facet

28
Q

what does the 10th to 12th thoracic body have?

A

single whole facet at superior margin

29
Q

what does the transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with? what joint does it form?

A

Tubercle of the rib, costotransverse joint

30
Q

what lvl of thoracic does the 1.5” above jugular notch give you?

A

T1

31
Q

T2-T3 is represented by…

A

sternal notch

32
Q

T4-T5 is represented by

A

Sternal angle

33
Q

T7 is represented by…

A

3-4 inches below sternal notch

34
Q

T9-T10 is represented by

A

xiphoid process

35
Q

which part of the spinal column support and transmit weight of entire trunk through SI joints to hip bones?

A

Lumbar

36
Q

The laminae of lumbar spine has a special part call ________ ______. They are best demonstrated in what view?

A

pars interarticularis, oblique

37
Q

What lumbo-sacral anomalies causes inflammation at SI joins, progresses upward the vertebral column with no known cause?

A

Akalosing Spondylitis

38
Q

What projection of the spine will best demonstrate lordosis?

A

Lateral view

39
Q

Spina Bifida is when vertebrae fails to develop, where does it usually occur most often?

A

L5

40
Q

A dissolution of a vertebra, vertebral arch and separation of interarticularis is….

A

Spondylolysis

41
Q

What does oblique projection of spondylolysis show?

A

Neck of scotty dog broken

42
Q

this condition is due to developmental defect in the pars interarticularis or results from spondylolysis or severe osteoarthritis, severe cases may require spinal fusion…

A

Spondylolisthesis

43
Q

IF you want to see L2-L3 what is your anatomical landmark?

A

lower costal margin

44
Q

If you want to see L4-L5, what is your anatomical landmark?

A

Iliac Crest

45
Q

shovel shaped bone is known as…

A

Sacrum

46
Q

Sacral foramina has _ sets

A

4

47
Q

In the first sacral segment, the large mass of bone on the lateral sides are call

A

Alae

48
Q

what part of the sacrum form the wall of the inlet of the true pelvis and is an anterior ridge of body of first sacral segment?

A

Promontory

49
Q

Vertebral canal in sacrum is called…

A

Sacral Canal

50
Q

Another name for Sacral Horns

A

Cornua

51
Q

If iliac crest shows lvl of L4-L5, what shows lvl of S1-S2?

A

ASIS

52
Q

what are essentially visible during an open mouth?

A

Dens, vertebral body of C2, lat masses and transverse processes of C1, atlantoaxial joints

53
Q

what do you see in AP axial cervical view?

A

1st Rib with T1, C4, Lateral mass of C3, and Spinous process of C2

54
Q

What anatomy is demonstrated in RPO/LPO posterior oblique cervical?

A

Intervertebral Foramina and pedicals on the side that is farthest from IR

55
Q

In lateral view of C spine, what do you see?

A

Dens, Body of C3, Z joint between C4 and C5. Count from the bottom

56
Q

In AP T spine, how could you tell you’re looking at the T12?

A

It has fake ribs coming out of it (short) and its close to the bottom

57
Q

In lat T spine, __ and __ are not well visualized, if upper T spine are of special int, obtain a ____ view

A

T1-T3, swimmer’s view

58
Q

Intervertebral foramina btwn T11-T12 can be seen in what view?

A

Lat T Spine

59
Q

name the following parts of the scotty dog:

nose, eye, neck, ear, and top of the neck, leg

A 
Nose= Transverse process
Eye= Pedicles
Ear = Superior articular facet
Neck= Pars interarticularis
Top of Neck = Zygapophyseal joint
Leg = inferior articular facet
60
Q

The only view to present the pars interarticularis is…

A

Posterior Oblique, LPO and RPO

61
Q

Lumbo Sacral joint and Promontory of sacrum can be seen in …..

A

L5-S1

62
Q

Apex of Sacrum and Sacral Foramina are clearly visible in what view?

A

AP axial sacrum

63
Q

If you are performing an LPO, what side of the SI joint are you looking at?

A

right side

64
Q

what do you see in a lateral sacrum and coccyx?

A

sacrum, L5-S1 intervertebral joint space, and coccyx

Spine (2 decks)

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