the spinal cord Flashcards
learn.
what are the 3 things that make up the cranial meninges
dura mater
arachonoid mater
pia mater
Pia Mater
intermost later, it is a thin and delicate membrane that sticks close to the surface of the brain and spinal cord
dura maatter
The outermost layer-tough and durable membrane that lines the inside of the skull. It helps protect the brain and spinal cord from injury and provides a barrier between the brain and the skull.
where is the Arachnoid Mater
beneath the dura matter
Arachnoid Mater
web-like membrane. The space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater contains cereobrinalspinal fluid
what is the role of the cereobraibrinal fluid
cushion and protect the brain and spinal cord
subarachnoid space
space between The space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater
what are the psychial support of the cns
cranium and verterbal collum
mengines
CSF
what are the spinal mengines
dura matter
arachonid matter
pia matter
verterbra
spinal cord
what % of the brain is gray matter
40% - cell bodies ,dendrites, axon terminals
what % of the brain is white matter
60%- axons
in the white matter of the brain what are the fibres
projection fibres
assosication fibres
commissural fibres
corpus callosum
what is the role of projection of fobres
connects cerebal cortex with lower levels of brain or spinal cord
what is the role of assosication fibres
connects 2 areas of cerebal cortex on same side of the brain
what is the role of commisural fibres
connects same cortical regions on 2 sides of the brain
what is the role of the corpus collsum
primary location of commissural fibers
summarise the spinal cord
cylindrical nervous tissue
continius with brain
surrounded by vertebral column
spinal nerves branch of (31)
what are the spinall nerves called in the spine
cervial =8
thoracic=12
lumbar =5
sacral=5
coccygeal=1
what is dermatomes?
each dermatome is a sensory region on the surface of the body served by a particular spinal nerve
what are the 2 functional halves gray matter
dorsal: sensory functions
ventral: motor functions
spinal nerves are dixed
summarise the spinal cord cross section:
gray matter
white matter
central canal
spinal nerves
dorsal root ganglion (DRG)
Functional roles
Gray matter in the cross section:
H shaped central region and contains neuronal cell bodies and dendrites
white matter in the cross section
surrounds gray matter and is composed of myelinated axons
central canal in cross section
filled with cerebrospinal fluid and it runs through the centre of the gray matter
spinal nerves in cross section
emerge from the spinal cord and contains both sensory and motor fibres
Dorsal root Ganglion (DRG) in cross section
located on the posteorir root of each spinal nerve and contains cell bodies of sensory neurones
Funcitonal roles in cross section
the gray matter processes sensory info and generates motor commands
white matter facilitates communication between diff parts of the nervous sytem
spinal cord a vital role in relaying information between the brain and the body
spinal reflexes and the afferent eurones
Afferent neurons convey an impulse from sensory receptors to the CNS and efferent neurons run from the CNS to the effector organ
what does the white matter tracts …
ascedning
descedning
strech reflex is a quick
Stretching the Muscle: When a muscle is stretched, special sensors called muscle spindles detect the stretch.
Sending Signals: These sensors send signals to the spinal cord through nerves.
Quick Reaction: The spinal cord immediately sends signals back to the same muscle, causing it to contract or tighten.
Purpose: This reflex helps prevent overstretching of muscles, maintaining stability and preventing injuries.
ascedning tract
They carry messages from our body’s senses, like touch or pain, up to the brain for processing.These tracts run through the spinal cord and brainstem. Each tract is like a specialized route for specific types of sensory information
descedning tract
They carry messages from the brain down to the spinal cord to control movements.
