the song dynasty Flashcards
1
Q
who ruled until the song dynasty
A
warlords
2
Q
song dynasty
A
lasted for 3 centuries
- never really had powerful state
- -placed more emphasis on industry, education, and arts that on military affairs
3
Q
first song emperor
A
song taizu
- -honest and effective
- -he and his army subjected the warlord to their authority and consolidated song empire
- –persuaded the generals to retire leisurely so the don’t displace him
- -made a centralized administration that put military forces under tight supervision
4
Q
government changes
A
–create more opportunities for people to get a confucian education and take civil service exams
- -accepted more qualified people into the bureaucracy
- -made civil bureaucrats anchorage of military forces
5
Q
songs weakness
A
1) financial
2) military
6
Q
financial problems
A
the large bureaucracy ate up the surplus
- -the bureaucrats were rewarded very well
- -raised taxes aggravate peasants
- -but by that time, bureaucrats dominated the song administration so much it was impossible to reform
7
Q
military problems
A
- -bureaucrats had little military knowledge and talent but they led the song army and made military decisions
- -so then nomads in the north flourished
- -the Khitan, semi nomads in Manchuria ruled a vast empire from Korea to mongolia
- the Khitan demanded silk and silver from the song dynasty
- -in 12th century, the Jurchen conquered Khitan, overran north china, captured song capital at Kaifeng and established the jin empire
- -the song dynasty had to move their capital to Hangzhou and survived only in S china
- -mongol forces ended the dynasty
8
Q
the Khitan
A
semi nomads from Manchuria that ruled large empire N of the song empire
9
Q
the Jurchen
A
conquered the Khitan and overran North song empire, capturing the capital at Kaifeng
-named their new empire the jin empire
10
Q
southern Song
A
latter part of the dynasty after the Jurchens took over the north
