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EXCOS 1X > The Solar System Lecture 8 > Flashcards

The Solar System Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the average distance of Mars to the Sun?

A

1.5 AU

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2
Q

What are the surface rocks of Mars rich in? (2 Factors)

A

Iron and Silicon

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3
Q

How many days is Mars’ year?

A

686 days

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4
Q

What does Mars’ apparent size change?

A

Due to the change of distance to the Earth

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5
Q

What kind of atmosphere does Mars have?

A

A thin atmosphere

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6
Q

What are Mars’ two moons called?

A

Deimos and Phobos

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7
Q

Where did Mars’ moons come from?

A

Likely captured from an asteroid belt in-between Mars and Jupiter

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8
Q

What is the rough diameter of Deimos?

A

12km

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9
Q

What has the Phoenix Mars Mission robot been looking for?

A

For water on the surface of Mars

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10
Q

What was the first robot to orbit and land on Mars?

A

Viking 1 and 2

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11
Q

What did Mars Rover Spirit and Opportunity find on Mars?

A

Evidence of existance of water on Mars

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12
Q

Why is there less AR-36 on Mars than the Sun or Jupiter?

A

Because it has a weaker gravitational field

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13
Q

What is AR-36 used to measure?

A

How much atmosphere Mars has lost since warmer, wetter days

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14
Q

Why is the gas AR-36 special?

A

It is a noble gas, so it does not react with other elements.

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15
Q

What is Mars atmosphere highly comprised of?

A

CO2 :95%, N2 and Ar: 1.6%, a little H2O

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16
Q

Why can solar winds go through the atmosphere of Mars’ and strip away the surface?

A

As Mars has a low magnetic field

17
Q

What is the surface temperature of Mars?

A

-140 to +20

18
Q

What is a Macroweather?

A

Stable conditions between short term variations (weather and) and long-term trends (climate)

19
Q

What seems to be a large factor of Mars’ macroweather?

A

The sun

20
Q

How long does it take Mars’ macroweather to transition in comparison to Earth?

A

It takes 1.8 days as opposed to 10 days for Earth

21
Q

What may be the cause of flash floods on Mars?

A

Mars’ obliquity has not been constant

22
Q

What are the two ancient impact basins on Mars called?

A

Argyre and Hellas

23
Q

What is Mars’ large raised region called?

A

Tharsis Bulge

24
Q

What is the large volcano on Mars called and what region is it in?

A

Olympus Mons, Tharsis Region

25
Q

What is one of the large canyons on Mars called?

A

Valles Marineris

26
Q

How long is the large canyon Valles Marineris?

A

4000-5000km

27
Q

What is the diameter and height of Olympus Mons?

A

600km diameter, 25km height

28
Q

What are volcanoes on Mars so large?

A

Due to the lack of tectonic plates.

29
Q

What robot discovered the canyon Valles Marineris in 1971?

A

Mariner 9

30
Q

Why can liquid water not exist on the surface of Mars?

A

It would freeze and become ice

31
Q

What is some evidence for water on Mars?

A

Gullies have been found on crater walls

32
Q

What robot has discovered strong evidence for water under the surface of Mars?

A

Mars Odyssey

EXCOS 1X (6 decks)

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