The Social, Emotional and Communicative Brain - Language Flashcards
Paul Pierre Broca’s patient Monsieur Tan lost the ability to ________, and had relatively preserved comprehension ability
Speak
Monsieur’s brain lesion was located in his left inferior _________ ______
Frontal Lobe
Broca’s region is linked to the ability to _________
Speak/Language Production
Carl Wernicke (neurologist) found the opposite of what Broca found, where a lesion to a section of the frontal lobe caused impairment to language ____________
Comprehension
Wernicke’s aphasia is known as ____________ aphasia
Sensory
Wernicke postulated three types of aphasia: ________, _________, and _________ Aphasia
Motoric, Sensory and Conduction
Wernicke’s area is located in the posterior superior temporal _________
Gyrus (area 22)
The fibre bundle that runs between Broca’s and Wernicke’s region is known as the Arcuate ____________
Fasciculus
Damage to the ________ ___________ would cause problems with reading aloud
Arcuate Fasciculus
Circumscribed cortical _________ are extremely rare
Lesions
Speech and language ____________ occurs in networks
Processing
Two major language pathways/streams: Antero-ventral stream and Postero-dorsal stream
________ and ________ speech/language streams correspond to the primate auditory system
Dorsal and Ventral
Predictions in language processing can be explained by the following type of model:
Forward
In the classic neurolinguistic model based on patients with speech and language impairments, Broca’s region was thought to be crucial for ____________ production
Language
This observation provides evidence for hierarchical organisation of the auditory steams in speech and language processing -
Neural responses show increasing independence from the acoustic form with increasing distance from auditory cortex
When a sentence ends in a conceptually unexpected word, this engenders an amplitude increase in the following ERP component in comparison to an expected sentence ending
N400
What is a proposed function of the postero-dorsal stream in language processing?
Mapping from sound to action
Repeating psuedowords leads to increased activation of the ________ stream due to its involvement in ___________ _________
Dorsal: Auditory-motor mapping
Semantic dementia is associated with atrophy of the anterior __________ lobes
Temporal
The processing of sequence/order information in language has been associated with the ________-________ stream
Postero-dorsal
The anatomy of the ventral steam in language can be described as follows:
Auditory cortex - Anterior Temporal Cortex - Prefrontal Cortex
