The Skeleton

Question 1

Articulation

Answer 1

A joint; adjective, articular

Question 2

Bone

Answer 2

A calcified form of dense connective tissue; osseous tissue; also an individual unit of the skeleton made of such tissue (root oste/o)

Question 3

Bone Marrow

Answer 3

The soft material that fills the cavities of a bone. Yellow marrow fills the central cavity of the long bones; blood cells are formed in red bone marrow, which is located in spongy bone tissue (root myel/o)

Question 4

Bursa

Answer 4

A fluid-filled sac that reduces friction near a joint (root burs/o)

Question 5

Cartilage

Answer 5

A type of dense connective tissue that is found in the skeleton, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. It is the precursor to most bone tissue
(root chondr/o)

Question 6

Diarthrosis

Answer 6

A freely movable joint; also called a synovial joint (adjective,
diarthrotic)

Question 7

Diaphysis

Answer 7

The shaft of a long bone

Question 8

Epiphysis

Answer 8

The irregularly shaped end of a long bone

Question 9

Epiphyseal Plate

Answer 9

The growth region of a long bone; located in the metaphysis, between
the diaphysis and epiphysis. When bone growth ceases, this area appears as the epiphyseal line.

Question 10

Ilium

Answer 10

The large, flared, upper portion of the pelvic bone; adjective, iliac
(root ili/o)

Question 11

Joint

Answer 11

The junction between two bones; articulation (root arthr/o)

Question 12

Ligament

Answer 12

A strong band of connective tissue that joins one bone to another

Question 13

Metaphysis

Answer 13

The region of a long bone between the diaphysis (shaft) and epiphysis (end); during development, the growing region of a long bone

Question 14

Ossification

Answer 14

The formation of bone tissue (from Latin os, meaning “bone”)

Question 15

Osteoblast

Answer 15

A cell that produces bone tissue

Question 16

Osteoclast

Answer 16

A cell that destroys bone tissue

Question 17

Osteocyte

Answer 17

A mature bone cell that nourishes and maintains bone tissue

Question 18

Periosteum

Answer 18

The fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a bone

Question 19

Resorption

Answer 19

Removal of bone by breakdown and absorption into the circulation

Question 20

Skeleton

Answer 20

The bony framework of the body, consisting of 206 bones. The axial portion (80 bones) is composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs, and sternum. The appendicular skeleton (126 bones) contains the bones of the arms and legs, shoulder girdle, and pelvis.

Question 21

Suture

Answer 21

An immovable joint, such as the joints between the bones of the skull

Question 22

Symphysis

Answer 22

A slightly movable joint

Question 23

Synovial Fluid

Answer 23

The fluid contained in a freely movable (diarthrotic) joint; synovia
(root synov/i)

Question 24

Tendon

Answer 24

A fibrous band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone