The Skeletal System Problems

Question 1

Fracture / la fractura

Answer 1

the separation of an object or material into two, or more, pieces under the action of stress

Question 2

Sciatica / la ciática

Answer 2

refers to pain, weakness, numbness, or tingling in the leg. It is caused by injury to or pressure on the sciatic nerve. Sciatica is a symptom of another medical problem, not a medical condition on its own

Question 3

Whiplash / el latigazo

Answer 3

an injury to the soft tissues of the neck from a sudden jerking or “whipping” of the head. This type of motion strains the muscles and ligaments of the neck beyond their normal range of motion

Question 4

Disc Prolapse (slipped Disk) / Prolapso de disco (hernia discal)

Answer 4

often causes severe lower back pain. The disc often presses on a nerve root which can cause pain and other symptoms in a leg

Question 5

Osteoporosis / la osteoporosis

Answer 5

a disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to fracture. Usually the bone loses density, which measures the amount of calcium and minerals in the bone

Question 6

Bunion / el juanete

Answer 6

when your big toe points toward the second toe. This causes a bump to appear on the outside edge of your toe

Question 7

Bursitis / bursitis

Answer 7

the swelling and irritation of a bursa. A bursa is a fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between a muscles, tendons, and joints

Question 8

Osteoarthritis / la osteoartritis

Answer 8

the most common joint disorder, which is due to aging and wear and tear on a joint

Question 9

Rheumatoid Arthritis / Artritis reumatoide

Answer 9

a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. It can also affect other organs

Question 10

Gout / la gota

Answer 10

a type of arthritis. It occurs when uric acid builds up in blood and causes inflammation in the joints. Acute gout is a painful condition that often affects only one joint; Chronic gout is repeated episodes of pain and inflammation. More than one joint may be affected

Question 11

Wear and Tear / Uso y desgaste

Answer 11

damage that naturally and inevitably occurs as a result of normal wear or aging

Question 12

Meniscus Tear / Ruptura de meniscos

Answer 12

refer to a tear in the shock-absorbing cartilage (meniscus) of the knee

Question 13

Disc Disintegration / Desintegración de disco

Answer 13

is one of the most common causes of low back pain

Question 14

Cracked Rib / Costilla rota

Answer 14

a common injury that occurs when one of the bones in your rib cage breaks or cracks

Question 15

Bone Spur / Espolón óseo

Answer 15

a tiny pointed outgrowth of bone; are usually caused by local inflammation, such as from degenerative arthritis or tendonitis

Question 16

Cast / yeso

Answer 16

A rigid dressing, usually made of gauze and plaster of Paris, used to immobilize an injured body part, as in a fracture or dislocation. Also called plaster cast

Question 17

Splint / la tablilla

Answer 17

a device used for support or immobilization of limbs or of the spine

Question 18

Rotary Cuff / Manguito rotatorio

Answer 18

made up of the muscles and tendons in your shoulder. These muscles and tendons connect your upper arm bone with your shoulder blade. They also help hold the ball of your upper arm bone firmly in your shoulder socket. The combination results in the greatest range of motion of any joint in your body. A rotator cuff injury includes any type of irritation or damage to your rotator cuff muscles or tendons.

Question 19

Impingement / intromisión

Answer 19

occurs when there is impingement of tendons or bursa in the shoulder from bones of the shoulder

Question 20

Bone Density Test / Prueba de densidad ósea

Answer 20

determines if you have osteoporosis — a disease that causes bones to become more fragile and more likely to break

Question 21

Arthritis / la artritis

Answer 21

affects the musculoskeletal system, specifically the joints

Question 22

Marrow Transplant / Marrow Transplant

Answer 22

a procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells

Question 23

Leukemia / la leucemia

Answer 23

a type of blood cancer that begins in the bone marrow. Bone marrow is the soft tissue in the center of the bones, where blood cells are produced. The term leukemia means white blood. White blood cells (leukocytes) are used by the body to fight infections and other foreign substances

Question 24

Calcium / el calcio

Answer 24

a mineral found in many foods. The body needs calcium for muscles to move and for nerves to carry messages between the brain and every body part. In addition, calcium is used to help blood vessels move blood throughout the body and to help release hormones and enzymes that affect almost every function in the human body

Question 25

Vitamin D / vitamina D

Answer 25

a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for enhancing intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate

Question 26

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Síndrome del túnel carpiano

Answer 26

a condition in which there is excessive pressure on the median nerve. This is the nerve in the wrist that allows feeling and movement to parts of the hand. Carpal tunnel syndrome can lead to numbness, tingling, weakness, or muscle damage in the hand and fingers