The Skeletal System Problems Flashcards
Fracture / la fractura
the separation of an object or material into two, or more, pieces under the action of stress
Sciatica / la ciática
refers to pain, weakness, numbness, or tingling in the leg. It is caused by injury to or pressure on the sciatic nerve. Sciatica is a symptom of another medical problem, not a medical condition on its own
Whiplash / el latigazo
an injury to the soft tissues of the neck from a sudden jerking or “whipping” of the head. This type of motion strains the muscles and ligaments of the neck beyond their normal range of motion
Disc Prolapse (slipped Disk) / Prolapso de disco (hernia discal)
often causes severe lower back pain. The disc often presses on a nerve root which can cause pain and other symptoms in a leg
Osteoporosis / la osteoporosis
a disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to fracture. Usually the bone loses density, which measures the amount of calcium and minerals in the bone
Bunion / el juanete
when your big toe points toward the second toe. This causes a bump to appear on the outside edge of your toe
Bursitis / bursitis
the swelling and irritation of a bursa. A bursa is a fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between a muscles, tendons, and joints
Osteoarthritis / la osteoartritis
the most common joint disorder, which is due to aging and wear and tear on a joint
Rheumatoid Arthritis / Artritis reumatoide
a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. It can also affect other organs
Gout / la gota
a type of arthritis. It occurs when uric acid builds up in blood and causes inflammation in the joints. Acute gout is a painful condition that often affects only one joint; Chronic gout is repeated episodes of pain and inflammation. More than one joint may be affected
Wear and Tear / Uso y desgaste
damage that naturally and inevitably occurs as a result of normal wear or aging
Meniscus Tear / Ruptura de meniscos
refer to a tear in the shock-absorbing cartilage (meniscus) of the knee
Disc Disintegration / Desintegración de disco
is one of the most common causes of low back pain
Cracked Rib / Costilla rota
a common injury that occurs when one of the bones in your rib cage breaks or cracks
Bone Spur / Espolón óseo
a tiny pointed outgrowth of bone; are usually caused by local inflammation, such as from degenerative arthritis or tendonitis
Cast / yeso
A rigid dressing, usually made of gauze and plaster of Paris, used to immobilize an injured body part, as in a fracture or dislocation. Also called plaster cast
Splint / la tablilla
a device used for support or immobilization of limbs or of the spine
Rotary Cuff / Manguito rotatorio
made up of the muscles and tendons in your shoulder. These muscles and tendons connect your upper arm bone with your shoulder blade. They also help hold the ball of your upper arm bone firmly in your shoulder socket. The combination results in the greatest range of motion of any joint in your body. A rotator cuff injury includes any type of irritation or damage to your rotator cuff muscles or tendons.
Impingement / intromisión
occurs when there is impingement of tendons or bursa in the shoulder from bones of the shoulder
Bone Density Test / Prueba de densidad ósea
determines if you have osteoporosis — a disease that causes bones to become more fragile and more likely to break
Arthritis / la artritis
affects the musculoskeletal system, specifically the joints
Marrow Transplant / Marrow Transplant
a procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells
Leukemia / la leucemia
a type of blood cancer that begins in the bone marrow. Bone marrow is the soft tissue in the center of the bones, where blood cells are produced. The term leukemia means white blood. White blood cells (leukocytes) are used by the body to fight infections and other foreign substances
Calcium / el calcio
a mineral found in many foods. The body needs calcium for muscles to move and for nerves to carry messages between the brain and every body part. In addition, calcium is used to help blood vessels move blood throughout the body and to help release hormones and enzymes that affect almost every function in the human body
Vitamin D / vitamina D
a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for enhancing intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Síndrome del túnel carpiano
a condition in which there is excessive pressure on the median nerve. This is the nerve in the wrist that allows feeling and movement to parts of the hand. Carpal tunnel syndrome can lead to numbness, tingling, weakness, or muscle damage in the hand and fingers
