The Skeletal System

Question 1

Cranium / el cráneo

Answer 1

the portion of the skull enclosing the brain

Question 2

Jawbone / Mandíbula

Answer 2

the horseshoe-shaped bone forming the lower jaw, articulating with the skull at the temporomandibular joint

Question 3

Femur / fémur

Answer 3

the bone that extends from the pelvis to the knee, being the longest and largest bone in the body; its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone, and distally, the femur, along with the patella and tibia, forms the knee joint

Question 4

Kneecap / la rótula

Answer 4

“Patella;” the large sesamoid bone, in the combined tendon of the quadriceps femoris, covering the anterior surface of the knee

Question 5

Tibia / Tibia, el hueso más grueso (interior) de la pierna; un hueso semejante del ave

Answer 5

shin bone; the inner and larger bone of the leg below the knee. It articulates with the femur and head of the fibula above and with the talus below

Question 6

Fibula / Peroné, el hueso exterior y menor de la pierna

Answer 6

the outer and smaller of the two bones of the leg, which articulates proximally with the tibia and distally is joined to the tibia in a syndesmosis

Question 7

Hip Bone / Hueso de la cadera

Answer 7

the large bone in the hip, consisting of the ilium, the ischium, and the pubic bone

Question 8

Sternum / esternón

Answer 8

a longitudinal unpaired plate of bone forming the middle of the anterior wall of the thorax, articulating above with the clavicles and along its sides with the cartilages of the first seven ribs. Its three parts are the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

Question 9

Vertebrae / vértebra

Answer 9

bones in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions of the body that make up the vertebral column. Vertebrae have a central foramen (hole), and their superposition makes up the vertebral canal that encloses the spinal cord

Question 10

Sacrum / Sacro, hueso del espinazo, formado por cinco vértebras entre la región lumbar y el cóccix

Answer 10

the triangular bone just below the lumbar vertebrae, formed usually by five fused vertebrae and lodged dorsally between the hip bones

Question 11

Clavicle (Collar Bone) / clavícula (Hueso del cuello)

Answer 11

either of two slender bones in humans that extend from the manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of the scapula

Question 12

Scapula / Escápula, omoplato, hueso de la espaldilla

Answer 12

either of two large, flat, triangular bones forming the back part of the shoulder.

Question 13

Spine / la espina dorsal, la columna; la espina

Answer 13

The spinal column of a vertebrate

Question 14

Cartilage / el cartílago

Answer 14

a tough, elastic, fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as the joints, outer ear, and larynx. A major constituent of the embryonic and young vertebrate skeleton, it is converted largely to bone with maturation

Question 15

Ball and Socket / Rótula

Answer 15

a joint in which a ball moves within a socket, so as to admit of motion in every direction within certain limits

Question 16

Ligaments / el ligamento

Answer 16

A sheet or band of tough, fibrous tissue connecting bones or cartilages at a joint or supporting an organ

Question 17

Tendons / tendón

Answer 17

a band of tough, inelastic fibrous tissue that connects a muscle with its bony attachment

Question 18

Tailbone (Coccyx) / el cóccix

Answer 18

a triangular bone at the lower end of the spinal column

Question 19

Bone Marrow / médula ósea

Answer 19

the soft, fatty, vascular tissue that fills most bone cavities and is the source of red blood cells and many white blood cells

Question 20

Ribs / costilla

Answer 20

one of a series of long curved bones occurring in 12 pairs in humans and extending from the spine to or toward the sternum

Question 21

Pelvis / la pelvis

Answer 21

a basin-shaped structure of the vertebrate skeleton, composed of the innominate bones on the sides, the pubis in front, and the sacrum and coccyx behind, that rests on the lower limbs and supports the spinal column