The Skeletal System

Question 1

Long Bones

Answer 1

contains epiphyses (large ends) and diaphysis (long shaft)
examples: femur, radius, phalanges

Question 2

diaphysis

Answer 2

shaft of long bones that contains compact bone (dense bone) that surrounds the marrow cavity (hollow core)

Question 3

epiphyses

Answer 3

thin layer of compact bone that surrounds a core of spongy bone (light, porous bone)

Question 4

short bones

Answer 4

round bones that have a thin layer of compact bone and a core of spongy bone
Examples: wrist, ankles, patella

Question 5

flat bones

Answer 5

consist of a thin layer of compact bone with a core of spongy bone; flatter shape
Examples: ribs, ilium of pelvis, sternum

Question 6

irregular bones

Answer 6

does not fit description of other types of bones; varied shapes and surface features; consist of thin layer of compact bone with a core of spongy bone
Examples: vertebrae, scapula (can also be considered flat bone)

Question 7

distal

Answer 7

far end from main part of body

Question 8

proximal

Answer 8

close end to main part of body

Question 9

surface features of bones functions

Answer 9

1. connects bones to each other (acts as part of a joint)
2. attaches bones and muscles (thru ligaments and tendons)
3. pathways for blood vessels and nerves

Question 10

process

Answer 10

bony projection or prominence
ex: spinous process

Question 11

condyle

Answer 11

joint (usually hinge joint)
ex: jaw

Question 12

lateral

Answer 12

off to edge

Question 13

medial

Answer 13

close to midline of body

Question 14

epicondyle

Answer 14

on top of condyle, site for muscle attachment; lumps

Question 15

head

Answer 15

part of a joint; big, round end of bone
ex: head of femur, head of radius (flat part)

Question 16

trochanter

Answer 16

found only on femur; Greater & Lesser trochanter

Question 17

tubercle

Answer 17

2 bumps on humerus (Greater and Lesser Trochanter)

Question 18

tuberosity

Answer 18

found on lateral part of humerus (deltoid tuberosity); connects to deltoid muscle

Question 19

crest

Answer 19

prominent ridge
ex: iliac crest

Question 20

fossa

Answer 20

broad, shallow depressed area
ex: iliac fossa

Question 21

suture

Answer 21

joint between bones where they have fused together to allow for small movements
ex: cranium

Question 22

foramen

Answer 22

opening/passageway in bones for blood vessels/nerves
ex: obturator foramen (on pelvis)

Question 23

meatus

Answer 23

opening/passage to the body
ex: external auditory meatus