The sixties,1964-1970: knowledge test Flashcards
What countries was Britain lagging behind economically by 1964?
West-Germany and Japan
What was the British economy trapped in?
the stop-go cycle
What did this cycle always lead to?
Inflation, runs on the pound and a balance of payments crisis
How much was the deficit labour inherited when they came to power?
£800 million
Who was the chancellor from 1964 to 1967?
James Callaghan
What does DEA stand for?
Department for economic affairs
Who was in charge of the DEA?
George Brown
Why did the DEA fail?
competed with the chancellor, did not have government support.
what year was the DEA abandoned?
1967
the government replaced the DEA with prices and incomes policy. what is this?
government intervention.
war in the Middle East in 1967 affected the supply of what?
Oil
What major strike occurred in 1967?
national strike of seamen and dockers.
The government had to follow a policy of devaluation. what is devaluation?
The value of the pound decreased.
How did the pound change under devaluation?
Dropped by 14%
Who replaced the chancellor in 1967?
Roy Jenkins
How did this chancellor tackle the economy?
deflationary methods.
what did the strikers of 1967 want?
less hours and higher wages
what are wild cat strikes?
local unofficial strikes that are sudden and without leadership.
What was the name of the employment minister that tried to limit strikes (white paper in 1969)?
Barbara Castle
what was the name of this white paper?
in place of strife
name one of the rules of the white paper?
28 day cooling off period.
What year did Harold Wilson give up on the white paper?
1969
Give an example of the types of people that supported the white paper?
voters, Labour MPs and Roy Jenkins
Give an example of a group/ people that did not support the white paper?
unions, labour left wings, James Callaghan, 50 labour MPs
what two labour leaders had died by 1964 and paved the way for Harold Wilson?
Bevan and Gaitskell
how did Wilson unite the left and right wings within labour?
promised technological modernisation
who did Wilson fear would challenge his leadership?
George Brown, James Callaghan and Roy Jenkins
why was geo rgebrown not happy with Wilson?
he lost the leadership election and wasn’t put in the foreign office
how did Wilson later undermine Browns reputation when he was later moved to the foreign office.
kept embarrassing incidents on record.
what two groups were divided in Northern Ireland?
unions and nationalists
what group dominated the parliament?
unionists protestants
what two areas were catholics in Northern Ireland discriminated in?
employment and housing
where is the northern Irish parliament?
stormont
what was the name of the police force accused of being biased against catholics
RUC
What violent clash happened between both sides in august 1969?
battle of the bogside.
who did the catholics attack for this event to start
unionist ‘apprentice boys’
what did tv broadcasts show the police doing?
beating up catholics
how did pm Wilson respond to this?
sent in the troops
What was the name of the military engagement in Northern Ireland between 1968 and 2007?
Operation banner
What Nationalists Parliamentary group often use violent methods to campaign for a united Ireland?
Irish Republican army
What percentage and seats did the Conservative beat labour by?
3% and 43
Describe Edward Heath why was he able to win?
Hard-working, looked able and confident
What speech by Enoch Powell gave rise to fears of immigration and suede peoples votes?
River of blood – 1968
What happened to Enoch Powell for delivering the speech
Edward he fired him
What type of seats allowed the Conservatives to win by a small percentage
Marginal seats
What did the murder act law suspend
Death penalty for murder
What did Roy Jenkins also change
Are used to allow prisoners to beaten and Jerry decision in court rooms went to a majority decision
35,000 backstreet abortions ended in complications how many illegal abortions were taking place each year
100,000 to 200,000
What were the conditions for an abortion to take place after the law
Then 28 weeks and the medical supervision and the consent sent of two doctors
In 1968 abortions numbered around 35,000 how many took place in 1975
101,000
How many years could homosexuals be in prison for
Two years
The law could not legalise homosexuality. What three conditions have to be be
Consent needed both over 21 or had to be done in private
But Labour backbenchers took up the cause to start the law
Leo Abse
If both partners wanted a divorce how long would it take to get a divorce if they lived apart?
Two years
If only one partner wanted a divorce how long would it take to get one if they lived apart
Five years
In 1950 there were fewer than two divorces per 1000 married couples in England and Wales how many was there by the mid 1970s?
Ten in every thousand marriages.
What three school made up the tripartite system
Grammar, technological, and secondary moderns
Comprehensive schools became a new system to provide education for. Who issued circular 10/65 to try and convert more schools
Tony Crosland
In 1964 one out of 10 schools were comprehensives. What proportion did this change to buy 1970
One third
What class is still dominated grammar schools and universities
Middle classes
The Robbins committee in 1961 found Britain was behind in science and technological education what did too many students study at University
Art related courses
How many polytechnics and universities were there by 1968
30 and 56
Open University headquarters were opened in 1969 in Milton Keynes. What year did the first students start their courses
1971
How did they learn long-distance
TV and radio
What groups attended open University
Women and mature students
How many open University students were there by 1980
70,000
The percentage of TVs owned in 1961 was 75% what was it by 1971
91%
Who became the director-general of the BBC
Hugh Greene
What TV channel is launched between 1955 and 1964
ITV BBC one and BBC Two
How did radios become more portable
Long life battery and earphones
What radio station is did you just listen to that was broad cast from boats
Pirate radio
What radio station replace this illegal form of radio
Radio one
What newspaper grew in demand when Rupert Murdoch took over in 1969
The Sun
What day is that people tend not to work as much as people used to
Saturday and Sunday
But hobbies became popular to do or watch on TV
DIY, gardening, cookery, needlework,
What shrank in popularity
Live theatre and live sport
What replace trains and buses are made up 77% of journeys
Cars
What became more popular as travel became easier
Things centres, leisure facilities, caravanning, sailing, golf
What airway provided holidays to Spain, Malta, Bulgaria and North Africa in 1964
Britannia Airways
Who mostly went on holidays abroad
Middle classes
What office could restrict performances if they did not agree with it
Chamberlains office
What could happen to theatre owners if they did not listen to this office
Prosecuted
What law removed censorships from theatre and in what year
1968 theatre act
What backbench MP introduced the bill
George STRAUSS
What film already push boundaries on taboo subjects
Darling
How did the stage cast of hair in London to celebrate the law to remove censorship
stood naked on stage
Who was hostile to the new contraceptive pill
Catholic Church
What catholic and he wrote the Pope, the pill and the people
Norman John – Stevas
Media began to discuss what subjects
Taboo
What rates rose in the 1960s
STDs
Who lead a campaign against the permissiveness on TV
Mary Whitehouse.
What was her campaign against Hugh Green and the BBC in 1964
Cleanup TV
What was 10x more prevalent
Cocaine and heroin
What famous band influence drug use
The Beatles
What was passed in 1967
Dangerous drugs act
What did it make it unlawful
Drug possession
What suggested legalising cannabis and soft drugs
wootton report
What does Schofield and Gorers reports show
most young people were virgins or married the first partners
What type of feminism spread from usa
Second wave
