The Sixties, 1964-1970 Flashcards
Wilson and Labour governments, liberal reforming legislation, social and cultural change, foreign affaris
When was Wilson first PM?
What did he promise?
1964-70
‘White heat’ of technological change
What deficit did Wilson inherit?
£800 million
What was set up to avoid devaluation?
Who was leader of it?
When was it abandoned?
Department of Economic Affairs (DEA)
Brown
1967
What replaced the DEA?
What was it’s aim?
Prices and Incomes policy
Keep down inflation
What caused the sterling crisis in 1966?
A seamen’s strike
What caused devaluation in 1967?
Oil prices increased
Dockers strike affected BoP
What happened a few weeks after devaluation to further damage credibility of Wilson’s government?
Failure of 1967 EEC application
Who replaced Callaghan as Chancellor in 1967?
What did he do to deal with the crisis?
What did he achieve? What went wrong?
Jenkins
Deflationary methods (higher taxes, reduced spending)
BoP surplus in 1969 but 12% inflation
What did the unionists support?
Religion?
Union with Britain
Protestants
What did the nationalists support?
Religion?
United Ireland
Catholics
What did the Catholics feels discriminated against?
Housing, employment, gerrymandering, RUC
When were the civil rights marches?
1968
In 1969, what happened in Derry?
Loyalist Apprentice Boys marched, attacked by nationalists in Bogside. Battle of Bogside
What did Wilson do to deal with the NI situation?
Wilson sent in British army troops
When was the death penalty suspended?
What about abolished?
Who led campaign?
1965, abolished in 1969
Sydney Silverman
When was the Abortion Act?
How many had illegal abortions a year previously?
1967
100,000-200,000
When was the Sexual Offences Act?
Who led campaign?
1967
Leo Abse
When was Divorce Reform Act?
What did it allow?
1969
No fault divorce
Who was the reforming Home Secretary between 1965-67?
Jenkins
Which Minister for Education moved away from the tripartite system and towards comprehensives?
Tony Crosland
What did Wilson promise comprehensive schools would be?
‘A grammar school education for all’
By 1970, only …. authorities had failed to convert to comprehensives.
8
Why was the comprehensive system never truly fair?
Existence of private schools and direct grant schools
Which circular was issues to LEAs in 1966?
Circular 10/65
What did the 1961 Robbins Committee determine?
Britain lagging behind France, Germany and US in provision of university places, and too many taking art not technology or science
What replaced Colleges of Technology?
Polytechnics
How many unis and polytechnics by 1968?
30 polytechnics and 56 unis
When did the OU first admit students?
Jan 1971
How many students did the OU have by 1980?
70,000
By 1971, …. population owned a TV
91%
Who became director general of the BBC in 1960?
Hugh Greene
When did Radio 1 start?
What did it evolve from?
1967
Radio Caroline and pirate radio
When was theatrical censorship abolished?
Shocking example?
1968
Hair, 30 seconds naked!
Examples of groundbreaking movies
Darling (1965), Alfie (1966) and Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush (1967)
Which act meant local authorities provided contraception and advice?
1967 NHS Family Planning Act
Examples of legislation involving women
1970 Matrimonial Property Act
1970 Equal Pay Act
Who pioneered the Clean Up TV campaign?
How many members?
Mary Whitehouse 1964
100,000
What did the Wootton Report suggest?
What was instead?
Legalising ‘soft drugs’
1967 Dangerous Drugs Act
What did ‘On Sex and Marriage’ find?
Most young people virgins on marriage or married their first and only sexual partner
Example of important anti-Vietnam protest
1968 Battle of Grosvenor Square
According to a North London survey in 1965:
What did 1 in 5 object to?
Working with black or Asian people
According to a North London survey in 1965:
50% said they would refuse to ….
Live next door to a black person
According to a North London survey in 1965:
9 out of 10 said they disapproved of what?
Mixed marriages
When was the first race relations act?
What did it exclude?
1965
Employment and housing
When was the second race relations act?
What did it exclude?
1968
Complaints against police and employers could discriminate for ‘racial balance’
When was Powell’s Rivers of Blood speech?
What was it in response to?
According to a Gallup Poll, what percentage agreed?
1968
Kenyan Asians
75%
How many complaints did the Race Relations Board uphold?
10/1241
What was Wilson’s policy to the Vietnam War?
Moral support without military backing
Who was Minister of Defense for withdrawal East of Suez?
Denis Healey
Who was denied independence until majority rule instated?
Who PM that declared independence?
South Rhodesia
Ian Smith
