The Senses Summary Flashcards
What is a sensory receptor?
A sensory receptor is a structure in the dermis that initiate nerve impulses which can reach our conscious awareness. They sense changes in their surroundings.
List the types of receptors?
- Chemoreceptors - Nociceptors - Thermo-receptors. - Mechano-receptors. - photo-receptors.
Where are chemoreceptors found?
Chemoreceptors are located in the aortic arch, which is responsible for increasing cardiac output.
What is the purpose of thermo-receptors?
Thermo-receptors senses temperature change.
What is the purpose of mechando-receptors?
Mechano-receptors sense mechanical stimulation such as changes in pressure or tension.
What is the purpose of photo-receptors?
Photo-receptors are sensitive to light energy including rods and cones on the eye.
Can receptors identify any stimulus.
No, each receptor are most sensitive to a distinct stimulation.
What is classed as a general sense?
General senses include touch, pressure, temperature and pain.
Where are the receptors associated with general senses?
The receptors associated with general senses are located in the skin, muscles, joints and visceral organs.
Where are the receptors for special senses located?
special senses receptors are located within sensory organs within the head.
What re special senses?
Special senses are smell, taste, hearing, equilibrium and sight.
Where are the olfactory receptors?
The olfactory organs consist of receptors and supporting cells within the nasal cavity.
What do taste receptors consist of?
Taste receptors consist of taste cells ad supporting cells.
What are the basic taste sensations?
Taste sensations are sweetness, sourness, saltiness, bitterness and Unami which is deliciousness.
How does an ear work>
The outer, middle and inner ear work together receiving vibrations which are received as sound.
What makes up the outer ear?
The auricle, pinnacle, external acoustic meats up to the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
What is the inner ear made up of>
It is made up of tympanic cavity which contains the auditory ossicles and is connected to the throat via the auditory tube.
What is the inner ear made up of?
The inner ear is made up of chambers and tubes and a bony labyrinth which is the rigid out wall of the inner ear, consists of the vestibule, semicircular canals and cochlea.
What is the semicircular canals involved with?
The sense of equilibrium consists of static & dynamic equilibrium.
How important is vision?
The vision is the dominant sense.
How many layers of tissue does an eye have?
They have three layers.
Describe the other layer?
The outer layer is fibrous and anterior in position bulging forward to form the transparent cornea.
How does the cornea work?
The cornea & lens of each eye refract light waves to focus an image on the retina. A transmission of visual perception to the brain.
Describe the fibre of the outer layer?
The outer layer is called the sclera. It is white, fibrous and makes up most of the outer layer.
Describe the middle layer of the eye?
The middle layer is called the úvea, it is vascular and includes the choroid coat, aliary body and iris.
Describe the inner layer?
The inner layer of the eye is the nervous layer and consists of the retina and its millions of photoreceptors.
What is the term to describe light waves bend and focus?
This is called refraction.
What provides vision in dim light?
Photoreceptors known as rods provide vision in dim light without colour.
How is the pupil held in position?
It is held in place by many suspensor ligaments behind iris and pupil.
Label Ear Diagram
Label Eye Diagram
