The Senses Flashcards

1
Q

2 general function of the senses

A
  1. obtain info from environment

2. help you survive

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2
Q

2 general structures of the senses

A
  1. specialized sense organs- act as transducers (transforms energy)
  2. sense receptors
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3
Q

5 types of sense receptors

A
  1. photoreceptors - detect light - eyes
  2. chemoreceptors - detect chemicals - tongue, nose
  3. thermoreceptors - detect heat, cold - skin
  4. mechanoreceptors - detect pressure - skin
  5. pain receptors - detect pain
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4
Q

2 types of human vision

A
  1. binocular vision - 2 eyes

2. stereoscopic vision - see 3D

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5
Q

eyeball diameter

A

1 inch

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6
Q

3 layers of wall of the eye

A
  1. sclera- outer
  2. choroid- middle
  3. retina- inner
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7
Q

part of eye under sclera

A

cornea - transparent front bulge

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8
Q

part of eye under choroid

A

iris - pigment gives eye color, muscles regulate pupil

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9
Q

3 parts of retina

A
  1. photoreceptors
  2. fovea
  3. optic disc
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10
Q

2 types of photoreceptors

A
  1. cones- bright light, colors

2. rods- dim light, shadows

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11
Q

describe fovea

A

sharpest point on retina, all cones, no rods

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12
Q

describe optic disc

A
  1. blind spot, no rods or cones

2. entry of optic nerve

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13
Q

3 parts of the interior structure of eye

A
  1. aqueous humor -fluid between cornea and lens
  2. vitreous humor - fluid behind lens
  3. lens- behind pupil
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14
Q

muscles that change the curvature of eye lens are called..

A

CILIARY muscles

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15
Q

define conjuctiva

A

membrane covering sclera and inner eyelid; secretes mucus for eye lubrication

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16
Q

define lacrimal glands

A

produce tears to wash, moisten eye

17
Q

number of muscles that move the eye

A

SIX

18
Q

7 steps to the pathway of light rays

A
  1. cornea
  2. aqueous humor
  3. pupil
  4. lens
  5. vitreous humor
  6. retina
  7. optic nerve to the brain
19
Q

2 functions of the ear

A
  1. hearing

2. balance

20
Q

3 parts of the ear

A
  1. outer
  2. middle
  3. inner
21
Q

3 parts of the outer ear

A
  1. pinna - external cartilage flap
  2. auditory canal - secretes cerumen or earwax
  3. tympanum - eardrum
22
Q

4 parts of the middle ear

A
  1. tympanic cavity
  2. eustachian tube
  3. bones of middle ear - malleus, incus, stapes
  4. oval window
23
Q

3 parts of the inner ear

A
  1. cochlea
  2. semicircular canals
  3. vestibule
24
Q

function of cochlea

A

contains sensory receptor for sound

25
Q

function of semicircular canals

A

contains sensory receptor for balance

26
Q

sections of vestibule

A
  1. saccule

2. utricle

27
Q

8 steps to pathway of sound vibration

A
  1. auditory canal
  2. tympanum
  3. malleus
  4. incus
  5. stapes
  6. oval window
  7. cochlea
  8. auditory nerve to the brain
28
Q

type of receptors in the nose

A

olfactory receptors embedded in the mucous membrane

29
Q

nerve in nose that carries impulse to brain

A

olfactory nerve

30
Q

type of receptors in tongue

A

chemoreceptors

31
Q

location of chemoreceptors in tongue

A

taste buds

32
Q

opening in taste buds is called..

A

taste PORE

33
Q

cluster of taste buds visible as tongue bumps is…

A

PAPILLAE

34
Q

4 taste sensations

A
  1. sweet
  2. sour
  3. salty
  4. bitter
35
Q

sense that influences taste

A

smell

36
Q

5 distinct sense receptors of skin

A
  1. touch
  2. pressure
  3. pain
  4. heat
  5. cold