The Self From Philosophical Perspective Flashcards
An ancient Greek philosopher who emphasized the importance of the self knowledge
Socrates
Know-thyself
Socrates
True wisdom comes from introspection and self-examination
Socrates
Idea of knowing yourself and living true to who you are
Socrates
Ancient Greek philosopher who argued that the self is immortal and independent of the body, with the highest knowledge derived from contemplating the form of the good.
Plato
He believed that the self comprises three parts : reason ( Rational & pag iisip ), spirit ( Heart - Emotion ), and appetite ( Derise ).
Plato
He argued that the self or the human person is composite f body and soul and that two are “inseparable”
Aristotle
He’s concept of self was constructed in terms of hylomorphism ( unified creature ), that we cannot discuss the self with a soul only or self with a body only.
Which means that the body and soul are inseparable.
Aristotle
Who viewed the self as “deeply enterwined with god”.
He believed that the human soul longs for union with god, it’s ultimate source of fulfilment and happiness.
Saint Augustine
Concept of the self is rooted in the idea of original sin inherited from adam and eve, which leads to a sense of spiritual longing and discontent. Through god’s grade, we find self-fulfilment.
Saint Augustine
He proposed “dualism”, whish seperates the self into distinct entities: mind and body.
Rene Descartes
He declared the “cogito ergosum” ( I think therefore I am ), asserting that self-awareness proves one’s existence.
Mind with consciousness &
Body with mechanical process, locating in the mind.
Rene Descartes
He proposed the theory of self based on consciousness and personal identity.
He believed that the people begin life as a tabula rasa or blank slate.
John Locke
He viewed the self as knowing and experiencing our own existence.
That as long as you remember who you are before or being yourself at different times, you’re still the same person even though your body changes.
Because the self for him shaped by our own experiences.
John locke
He argued that the self is nothing but a bundle of perceptions, thoughts, and sensations.
He proposed that the sense of self is an “illusion” created by the mind from the flow of experiences.
David Hume
Emmanuel Kant concept of self revolves around the idea of what?
Inner Self & Outer self
( Also known as Transcendental Self ) as per Emmanuel Kant it’s our emotions and rational intellect. What is it?
Inner Self
( Also known as Empirical Self ) as per Emmanuel Kant that is our physical body and how we engage with the world through our senses.
It what others can see and perceives about us.
Outer Self
The concepts of self focused on the ego, which is one of the three parts of the psyche according to his psychoanalytic theory.
Sigmund Freud
Ego is a Mediator to superego ( societal rules ) and to id ( Instinctual drives ) demands.
Sigmund Freud
Known for his critique of “Cartesian dualism”, fow which he coined the phrase “ghost in the machine” and argued that the self isn’t hidden entity inside us
Gilbert Ryle
He also said that our self is shown through our actions and behaviors.
He believed the self is just how we and behave in the world, not just some hidden ghost inside us.
Gilbert Ryle
Hi viewed the self as a product of brain activity rather than a seperate entity.
Paul Churchland
He believed that science could explain how we understand ourselves by studying the brain.
Paul Churchland
A french philosopher who believed that the self is shape by our “physical body” and how we experience the world through our senses.
Maurice Merleau - ponty
He emphasized that our sense of self is connected to our interactions with environment rather than a seperate entity.
For him, the self develops overtime, influenced by past experiences and future aspirations.
Maurice Merleau Ponty
He emphasized that our sense of self is connected to our interactions with environment rather than a seperate entity.
For him, the self develops overtime, influenced by past experiences and future aspirations.
Maurice Merleau Ponty
