The Scientific Revolution

Question 1

_ is a revolution in human understanding and knowledge about the physical universe; begain with Kepler, Galileo and ended with _.

Answer 1

Scientific Revolution

Question 2

“Science” before the scientific revolution was based almost entirely on _, where _ or _ wasn’t used at all, and mostly included _ and _.

Answer 2

reasoning;
exprimental method
observation
alchemy
astrology

Question 3

What are the significance of the Scientific Revolution?

Answer 3

Abandonment of ancient and medieval systems
Development of the scientific method
The Enlightenmen

Question 4

_ gave birth to the idea that _, not tradition, is the source of all knowledge.

Answer 4

Rationalism

Question 5

Rationalism

Rationalism’s was proponent was _.

Answer 5

Rene Descartes

Question 6

Rationalism

Rationalism gave birth to _.

Answer 6

Deductive reasoning

Question 7

_ is the belief that experience is the only true source of knowledge.

Answer 7

Empiricism

Question 8

Empiricism

_ is the belief that experience is the only true source of knowledge.

Answer 8

Empiricism

Question 9

Empiricism

Empiricism helped lead to the development of the _, lead by.

Answer 9

scientific method
Roger Bacon

Question 10

_ was an English philosopher and empiricist who was an important figure of inductive reasoning and who argues for experimental methodology.

Answer 10

Francis Bacon

Question 11

_ is known for his work of Novum Organum.

Answer 11

Francis Bacon

Question 12

The Scientific Method of _ has three processes:

Answer 12

Francis Bacon
1. Observe an object or phenomenon
2. Develop a theory that explains he object or phenomenon
3. Test the theory with experiments

Question 13

_ and his work laid the foundation for scienitific study through the medieval era.

Answer 13

Aristotle

Question 14

_ studied gravity/theory of falling objects, and astronomy, specifically, crystal spheres.

Answer 14

Aristotle

Question 15

_ made the Almagest and proposed the Geocentric model of the universe and motion of the planets.

Answer 15

Claudius Ptolemy

Question 16

Moderls of the Universe

_ states that the Earth is at the center of the universe and that all heavenly boides move around the earth.

Answer 16

Geocentric of Ptolemy

Question 17

Moderls of the Universe

_ states that the Sun is at the center of the universe and all heavenly bodies move around the Sun.

Answer 17

Heliocentric Theory of Copernicus

Question 18

_ is a Polish astronomer and mathematician who wrote Commentariolus and Concerning the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres

Answer 18

Nicholas Copernicus

Question 19

_ is a Danish astronomer who theorized a system distinct from both the Ptolemaic and Copernical Models where the Moon and Sun revolve around the Earth while other planets revolve around the Sun.

Answer 19

Tycho Brahe

Question 20

_ is a study of Tycho who disagreed with Copernicus, claiming that other bodies moved in elliptical motions, as opposted to circular motions; also theorized threee laws of planetary motion using Tycho.

Answer 20

Johannes Kepler

Question 21

The Three Laws of Planetary Motion are:

Answer 21

1. Law of Ellipses
2. Law of Equal Areas
3. Law of Harmonics

Question 22

Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion

_ states that planets orbit the sun in elliptical patterns.

Answer 22

Law of Ellipses

Question 23

Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion

_ states that the speed of planetary motion changes constantly depending on the distance from the Sun.

Answer 23

Law of Equal Areas

Question 24

Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion

_ compares the movement of all the planets claiming a similarity in their motion.

Answer 24

Law of Harmonies

Question 25

_ is the "Father of Science", used telescopes to produce astronomical discoveries and theorized the Theory of Falling Objects which disproved Aristotle.

Answer 25

Galileo Galilei

Question 26

_ is Galileo's major work and argued in favor of the heliocentric model of the universe.

Answer 26

Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World

Question 27

_ is an English astronomer, phycisist, and mathematician who synthesized the works of Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo.

Answer 27

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 28

The three Laws of Motion are:

Answer 28

1. Law of Intertia 2. Fundamental Law of Dynamics 3. Law of Reciprocal Actions

Question 29

# Medicine _ was a Greek physician, who studied on the elements according to Hippocrates and on the use of the parts of the body; focused on bodily humours and proposed the two types of blood.

Answer 29

Galen

Question 31

_ provided for care of the poor and the sick, minor clerics took on physician-like roles.

Answer 31

The Caholic Church

Question 32

# Medicine _ focused on the fabric of the human body, and corrected many of Galen's errors.

Answer 32

Andreas Vesalius

Question 33

# Medicine _ focused on the movement of the heart and blood in animals and described the functioning of the heart and circulatory system.

Answer 33

William Harvey

Question 34

# Chemistry _ is renowned for formulating the law that describes the inverse relatiosnship between pressure and volume of gas.

Answer 34

Robert Boyle

Question 35

# Chemistry _ is credited with discovering oxygen.

Answer 35

Joseph Priestley

Question 36

# Chemistry _ established the law of conservation of mass.

Answer 36

Antoine Lavoisier

Question 37

_ is responsible for naming of flora and fauna.

Answer 37

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 38

_ is a french biologist who had the early theory of evolution.

Answer 38

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 39

# The Microscope he is credited, along with his son Zacharias Jansen, with inventing one of the earliest microscopes.

Answer 39

Hans Janssen

Question 40

# Microscope _ discovered microscoping life, is the first to observe a living cell and crafted single-lens microscope.

Answer 40

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 41

# Microscope _ discovered the cell, renowned for formulating the "Hook's Law" that the stretching of a solid body is proportional to the force applied to it.

Answer 41

Robert Hooke

Question 42

The pendulum clock, which allowed scientists to more accurately measure time, is invented by _.

Answer 42

Christiaan Huygens

Question 43

The barometer, which measures air pressure, is invented by Italian physicist _.

Answer 43

Evangelista Torricelli

Question 44

The thermometer is invented by _.

Answer 44

Santorio Santorio

Question 45

The Mechanical Calculator is invented by _.

Answer 45

Wilhelm Schickard