The Sans-culottes And The Collapse Of The Constitutional Experiment Flashcards
What were the sans-culottes? Who did they idolise and where did they meet?
Working class supporters of the political left wing, they idolised Danton and Marat. The sans-culottes met at the Cordeliers Club
Who did the sans-culottes hate the most?
The ‘selfish wealth’ of the bourgeoisie and aristocratic elites
The sans-culottes played a major role in the development of the Revolution in 1792. True or false.
True
What happened on the anniversary of the Tennis Court Oath in 1792?
8000 sans-culottes marched to Tuileries demanding that Louis withdraw his vetoes and reinstate his pro-war ministers
What was the anniversary of the Tennis Court Oath in 1792 called?
The journée of 20 June 1792
Why did the mob of sans-culottes withdraw on the 20th June 1792 when Petion, the Mayor of Paris, arrived?
Because Louis satisfied the crowd and opened his doors to the crowd
What justified the sans-culottes’ demands on the 2nd July 1792 which they asked for on the 20th June 1792?
The Army of the North retreated
What was issued on the 11th July 1792 in response to French reverses in the war?
La patrie en danger
When did Robespierre give a passionate speech in the Assembly to make France a republic?
29th July 1792
What did the Brunswick manifesto state?
That any of the French captured by the Austrians would be put to death without mercy if any harm came to the King
When did the Brunswick get written by the Duke of Brunswick and when did it arrive in Paris?
Written on 25th July 1792
Arrived in Paris on 1st August 1792
What happened on the journée of 10th August 1792?
20000 sans-culottes, 2000 federes and National Guards from revolutionary Paris sections made a second march to the Tuileries Palace
How many attempted to protect the King on the journée of the 10th August 1792?
2000-3000 men
What happened during the 10th August 1792?
The Tuileries Palace was set on fire and a thousand sans-culottes and federes were killed or wounded. And the men protecting the King were nearly all massacred
Where did the Paris Commune take the King?
To the Temple prison
What were the impacts of the journée of the 10th August 1792?
- The King was ‘temporarily suspended’
- Distinction between active and passive citizens
- A new Convention, elected by men over 25, was promised
Who was the sans-culottes’ favourite who became the new Minister of Justice due to the journée of the 10th August 1792?
Danton
What happened to all of the laws that had the suspensory veto used on them after the journée of the 10th August 1792?
They immediately came into force
When was a tribunal set up by the sections to prosecute traitors due to the journée of the 10th August 1792?
17th August 1792
What choice was given to refractory priests on the 26th August 1792?
Leave the country voluntarily or face deportation to French Guyana
What was done to reduce the agitation of peasants after the journée of the 10th August 1792?
All compensation to former seigneurs was cancelled
Who replaced Lafayette, after he defected to the Austrians on the 19th August 1792?
Dumouriez
When did Danton authorise house searches to reduce panic in Paris?
30th August 1792
What did Danton do on the 2nd September 1792 to enforce conscription in order for less panic in Paris to happen?
Issued a levée
What happened in the Parisian gaols during the September Massacres?
1000-1500 prisoners were massacred using blood letting
What group were the first attacks against, that was led by federes on the 2nd September 1792?
Refractory priests
After refractory priests, who did the sans-culottes attack next?
Political prisoners, ordinary criminals, monks, nuns and priests
What were the outcomes of the September Massacres?
- Fear of popular Revolution confirmed
- Girondins blamed Jacobins for inciting violent behaviour; increased the split
- The power of the Assembly decreased, while popularity of radical leaders (Danton and Robespierre) increased
What did the September Massacres coincide with?
Elections for a new National Convention
Voter turnout for the elections for the new National Convention was very high. True or false.
False, was low.
What were the elected deputies to the National Convention, who were Jacobins, called?
Montagnards
What was ‘the Plain’ made up of?
Unaffiliated deputies of the National Convention
When did the New Convention open?
20th September 1792
