The -saccharides Flashcards
What is the formula for working out monosaccharides (using CHO and n)
CnH2nOn
What are 2 uses for triose?
- Respiration
- Photosynthesis
What are 2 uses for pentose?
- Ribose in RNA
- Deoxyribose, DNA
Give two examples of hexose
- Glucose
- Fructose
Hexose sugars differ in…
…molecular structure
When do Carbons make a ring?
When they are dissolved in water
How are disaccharides formed?
A condensation reaction leads to a glycosidic bond being formed and the elimination of water
What are three examples of disaccharides
- Sucrose
- Maltose
- Lactose
What do bonded glucose molecules form?
Polymers
How many isomers does glucose have?
Name them
- Glucose has two isomers
- Alpha and beta
What do the numbers in glycosidic bond correspond with (in the ring shape)?
The C number location
What does hydrolysis do?
Breaks large molecules into smaller ones with the addition of water
Polysaccharides are made of monomers. How are monomers linked?
From repeated condensation reactions which form glycosidic bonds to link the monomers
Give 4 examples of polysaccharides and where they are found
- Starch (potatoes)
- Cellulose (cell walls)
- Glycogen (muscles, liver)
- Chitin (exoskeletons)
