The Rowlatt Acts, the Armistar Massacre and the Political aftermath Flashcards
What was introduced in 1915 to Indians as a ‘temporary measure’?
India had been placed under the Defence of India Act.
What was the purpose of the Defence of India Act?
To supress anti-war and revolutionary activities during WW1
What did the Defence of India Act forbid?
Protest, as the initial focus was winning the war.
What powers did the Defence of India Act grant to the Viceroy?
The power to issue regulations to ensure public safety and defence
When did the most Indians expect the Defence of India Act to be repealed?
Early 1919, after the war ended.
How was the Defence of India Act similar to the Defence of the Realm Act in the UK?
Both aimed to secure public safety and maintain order during wartime.
Why was the Rowlatt Commission established?
To investigate revolutionary conspiracies amidst economic and political turbulence in India.
When was the Rowlatt commission established and who?
1917, The government of India
Who led the Rowlatt Commission?
A Scottish Judge, MR S.T. Rowlatt
What areas did the Rowlatt commission identify as centres of revolutionary activities
Bengal, Bombay and Punjab
What measures did the Rowlatt Commission recommend to control revolutionary activities?
-Imprisonment without trial
-Trial without a jury
-Censorship
-House arrest of any suspects
What was the official name of the Rowlatt Act?
The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act
When did the Rowlatt Act become an official law?
March 1919
How did Indian members of the Legislative Council respond to the Rowlatt Act?
All 22 Indian members opposed it but were out-voted by appointed officials
Which prominent Indian leader resigned from the Council in protest of the Rowlatt Act
Muhammed Ali Jinnah
What did Jinnah accuse the Raj administration of in his letter to Viceroy Chelmsford?
Being neither responsible to the people nor in touch to the Indian public opinion.
How did Montagu view the Rowlatt Act?
He found it extremely offensive, nevertheless Viceroy Chelmsford went ahead.
What was the contradiction in the Raj’s actions following the Rowlatt Act?
