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Olivia - 7G - Social Studies > The Roman Republic > Flashcards

The Roman Republic Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 Branches of Government of Rome’s Republic?

A

Senate

Consuls

Magistrates

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2
Q

How many members of the Senate were there in Rome’s Republic?

A

300

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3
Q

Describe the Senate (Term, Responsibility)

A

300 Members

Make Laws

Serve for Life

Declare War

In Charge of Taxes

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4
Q

Describe the Consuls (Term, Responsibility)

A

2 Men ran Rome for (1) year and advised by the Senate

They can veto (say no) to each other’s laws.

Ran the army in war.

Acted as the Chief official for religious ceremonies

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5
Q

Describe the Magistrates

A

They served as Judges and Served for Life

They also had to act as Censors (Judging what is appropriate and counting the population (Census))

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6
Q

What are the Tribunes

A

10 Men who server for 1 year

Veto laws that matter to the people

Suggest laws to the Senate

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7
Q

What is a dictator?

A

1 Man who is given total power in times of crisis

Serves for 6 Months

Must be elected by the Senate

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8
Q

What were the two Roman Social classes?

A

Patricians - Wealthy

Plebian - Lower Class

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9
Q

The Romans created republic after they overthrew which group of people?

A

Etrucscans

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10
Q

If you were to draw the hierarchy of government who is at the top of the pyramid?

A
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11
Q

Define the Society Rankings in a hierarchy pyramid

A
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12
Q

Who wanted more Power in their government? And what were they upset about?

A

Plebeians

Laws were not written down

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13
Q

True of False - Laws passed by the Senate applied to all Romans

A

TRUE

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14
Q

True of False - Laws passed by plebian assembly only applied to Plebians

A

TRUE

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15
Q

Who did the Romans fear the most and what did they do about it?

A

Etruscans

Developed a superior army that citizens had to join

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16
Q

What were the three things that made the Roman army superior?

A

Discipline

Training

Tactics

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17
Q

What was another name for the Roman army?

A

Legion

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18
Q

What does SPQR mean (Latin and English)

A

Senatus Populus Que Romana

The senate and People of Rome

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19
Q

Roman fought Punic wars against the African city-state of??

A

Carthage

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20
Q

What was the Roman name for the Carthaginians?

A

Punici

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21
Q

What were most of the Roman wars fought over?

A

control of the Mediterranean Sea?

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22
Q

What was the first Punic war fought over?

A

Sicily

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23
Q

The Romans had never before fought battles on the sea, so they needed to create _____________?

A

A Navy

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24
Q

What did the Romans add to the ships to allow them to board their enemies ships?

A

Corvus - Which was used to help win in Siciliy

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25
Q

What was the general’s name, who led the Carthaginian Army?

A

Hannibal

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26
Q

What did Hannibal, the Carthaginian General, march his army along with and where?

A

War Elephants

Over the Alps Mountains and into Italy

27
Q

What was Hannibal,the Carthaginian General, unable to conquer?

A

Rome

28
Q

Despite not being able to conquer Rome, how long did Hannibal and his army stay in Italy?

A

15 years

29
Q

What was the name of the battle where Hannibal was defeated?

A

Zama

30
Q

Who led the army that defeated Hannibal at “The Battle of Zama”

A

Scipo

31
Q

What was Scipo’s title after he defeated Hannibal’s Army @ The Battel of Zama?

A

Africanas

32
Q

Who was the third Punic War with? And Who’s idea was it to go to war?

A

Destroyed Carthage

Senator Cato the elder

33
Q

After defeating Carthade during the Third Punic War, what did the Romans do to their people? Land? and do to their country?

A

People - Sold into Slavery

Land - Poured Salt into it to prevent anything from growing

Made Africa a province of Rome

34
Q

What were the two main things the Romans gained from the Punic wars?

A

Gained a lot of Land

Wealth of resources

35
Q

What was a negative consequence of the Punic Wars?

A

Many Romans became poor due to Hannibal’sW army destroying farms

36
Q

The Roman’s, who became poor as a result of their farms being destroyed during the Punic wars, were forced to do what?

A

Sell their land and move to rome

37
Q

The richest Romans created large _______, that were worked on by __________

A

Latifundias (Large Farms)

38
Q

Who were the Gracchi Brothers?

A

Grandsons of Scipio Africanus (Leader of the army that destroyed Hannibal)

39
Q

What were the Gracchi Brother’s names?

A

Tiberius and Gaius

40
Q

What did Illegal act did both brothers try to do?

A

Try to get re-elected as a Tribune

41
Q

What was Gaius Gracchi most known for accomplishing?

A

Fixed the price of grain

Shortened time in the army

Tried to give more Italians the right to be citizens

42
Q

Who was the first lower class Roman to be elected Consul?

A

Marius

43
Q

What requirement did Marius do to become a solder?

A

eliminated the need to own property

44
Q

Who elects Marius as Commander?

A

The Assembly

45
Q

Sully takes his army and marches into Rome. Is this lawful?

A

No it was a violation of the law

46
Q

What happens after Marius dies?

A

Sully takes power as a dictator

47
Q

What does Sully do as dictator?

A

Orders prosciotions, list that orders killing of his rivals and their money and property belong to Rome.

48
Q

After Sully retires, who rules Rome?

A

1st Triumvirate: Pompey, Crassus, and Julius Caesar

49
Q

Pompey had…
Crassus was…
Julius Caesar…

A

Pompey had army support
Crassus was the richest man in Rome
Julius brought them all together

50
Q

What were Crassus and Pompey role?
Julius role?

A

They were elected consuls
given the province of Gaul (France) to run as governor

51
Q

What happens when Caesar’s daughter dies?

A

He is ordered to go back to Rome and another civil war begins

52
Q

What does Caesar do when he ruled?

A

makes reforms
gives soldiers land
makes citizen allies
allows foreign born citizens to be Senate

53
Q

What happens when Caesar takes the title of dictator?

A

He rules without the Senate and is assassinated by members of the Senate

54
Q

What members of the Senate assassinate Caesar?

A

Brutus and Cassius

55
Q

Who rules after Caesar’s assassination?

A

2nd Triumvariant
Mark Antony
Lepidus
Octavian

56
Q

Who is Octavian in relation to Caesar?

A

Grand nephew, adopted son, and heir to his wealth

57
Q

What do Mark Antony, Lepidus and Octavian do in rule?

A

They divide the lands of Rome and create a list of rivals they want to kill

58
Q

What land does Antony get?

A

Egypt where he falls in love with Cleopatra

59
Q

What happens at the battle of Actium?

A

Antony and Cleopatra’s fleet are destroyed.
They both commit suicide

60
Q

What happens after Antony dies?

A

Octavian takes sole power in 31 BC

61
Q

Does Octavian take the title of Emperor?

A

No he is called Princeps, “the 1st citizen”

62
Q

What does Octavian do as ruler?

A

Picks Governors
Brings peace to the empire
Brings wealth to the people

63
Q
A

Olivia - 7G - Social Studies (1 decks)

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