The Role of microorganisms Flashcards

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1
Q

State how many roles do microorganisms possess?

*hint: 4 ways

A
  • producers
  • decomposers
  • parasites
  • symbionts
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2
Q

What examples of microorganisms are producers?

What makes them producers?

A
  • phytoplankton

- they have chloroplast hence they can produce energy through photosynthesis

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3
Q

What are the decomposers that decomposes dead organisms?

A
  • Saprophytic bacteria

- saprophytic fungi

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4
Q

Why is decomposers important to the environment?

A
  • Decomposers break down complex organic substance to simple compounds, ammonium
  • Ammonium will then be absorbed by the soil
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5
Q

What is the relationship of organisms when the host is harmed and another organisms gets the benefit ?

Give example of organisms having this relationship.

A
  • parasitism
  • Plasmodium sp., a protozoa that lives inside the female mosquito transmits Malaria to anyone who is bitten by the mosquito
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6
Q

What is the definition of symbiont?

A

A symbiont is when an organism has a close relationship with the host.

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7
Q

How many types of symbiont relationships we can classify? Name them and state their differences.

A
  • 2types of symbionts

Ectosymbiont

  • Lives outside host
  • Commentialism
  • Exp: Ectomycorrhiza(fungi) absorb nutrients from soil while not harming host

Endosymbiont

  • Live inside host
  • mutualism
  • Exp: Protozoa that live inside alimentary canal of termites
  • secretes enzyme to break down cellulose in wood to simple sugar for termites. Termites provide shelter and food.
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8
Q

What are pathogens and vectors? State their definition.

A

Pathogens: Organisms that can cause disease
(fungi, bacteria, virus, protozoa)

Vectors: Organisms that transmits pathogens

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9
Q

State some examples of pathogens.

A

Dengue virus is transmitted to humans through Aedes mosquito bites

Vibrio cholerae is spread to humans through flies

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10
Q

What happens when pathogen enter your body?

A
  • pathogen damages cell so they can divide and multiply
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11
Q

Pathogens can disrupt your immune system in many ways

State the pathogens (virus, protozoa, bacteria and fungi)

A

Virus- Hepatitis B (Inflammation, swollen chest)
Protozoa- Dysentery (Vomit)
Bacteria- Tuberculosis (Coughing blood)
Fungsi- Tinea versicolour ( Whitish and pinkish patch on skin)

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