The Rock cycle

Question 1

how are Sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 1

A river carries, or transports, pieces of broken rock as it flows along. When the river reaches a lake or the sea, its load of transported rocks settles to the bottom. We say that the rocks are deposited. The deposited rocks build up in layers, called sediments. This process is called sedimentation.The weight of the sediments on top squashes the sediments at the bottom. This is called compaction. The water is squeezed out from between the pieces of rock and crystals of different salts form.
The crystals form a sort of glue that sticks or cements the pieces of rock together. This process is called cementation.These processes eventually make a type of rock called sedimentary rock. It may take millions of years for sedimentary rocks to form

Question 2

how are ingeous rocks formed

Answer 2

The inside of the Earth is very hot - hot enough to melt rocks. Molten (liquid) rock forms when rocks melt. The molten rock is called magma. When the magma cools and solidifies, a type of rock called igneous rock forms

Question 3

how are metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 3

Earth movements can cause rocks to be deeply buried or squeezed. As a result, the rocks are heated and put under great pressure. They do not melt, but the minerals they contain are changed chemically, forming metamorphic rocks. Sometimes, metamorphic rocks are formed when rocks are close to some molten magma, and so get heated up

Question 4

what are the three types of weathering

Answer 4

physical weathering

chemical weathering

biological weathering

Question 5

what is Erosion

Answer 5

Erosion is the movement of the broken pieces away from the site of weathering

Question 6

what is weathering

Answer 6

Weathering is the wearing away of rocks

Question 7

what are rocks

Answer 7

Rocks are made of grains that fit together. Each grain in the rock is made from a mineral, which is a chemical compound. The grains in a rock can be different colours, shapes and sizes

Question 8

What are the four steps of the Freeze-thaw process

Answer 8

A rock with a crack in it. The crack is filled with water

The water freezes and the crack is pushed open. The water melts later

Each time water gets into the crack and freezes, the crack gets bigger

The crack is big enough to cause a chunk of rock to fall off

Question 9

What is biological weathering

Answer 9

Animals and plants can wear away rocks this is called biological weathering