The Rock Cycle Flashcards
Cementation
The gluing together of sediment by new mineral crystals
Compaction
The squeezing of sediment by the weight of overlying layers
Erosion
The wearing away and removal of rock
What are the three types of sediment transportation
Air - sediment gets picked up by air
Water - sediment gets transported through rivers
Ice - sediment gets moved slowly by glaciers
Fossil
The remains or traces of an ancient organism preserved in rock
Igneous rock
Any rock formed by the cooling of magma or lava
Lava
Hot liquid rock located above the earth’s surface
Magma
Hot liquid rock located beneath the earth’s surface
Melting
A change of state from solid to liquid
Metamorphic Rock
Any rock that has been changed by intense heat and pressure
Mineral
A natural substance usually found as crystals in rocks
Parent rock
The original rock from which a metamorphic rock formed
Rock Cycle
The set of changes that turn one rock type into another
Sediment
Small rock fragments such as mud, sand or gravel
Sedimentary rock
Any rock formed when sediment is compacted or cemented
Solidification
A change if state from liquid to solid
Weathering
The breakdown of rocks into small grains or soil
Mafic Rocks
Rocks that have a low silica content, dark in colour, high in iron and magnesium
Felsic Rock
Rocks that have a high silica content, light in colour, high in aluminium and phosphorus
Clastic Rock
Rocks formed by the compaction or cementation of sediments
Biochemical Rock
Rocks formed by the shells and bodies of animals and plants
Chemical Rock
Rocks formed from the precipitation or evaporation of rockks
Precipitate
Chemical Rocks formed from precipitation
Evaporate
Chemical Rocks formed from evaporation
