The Revolutionary Period

Question 1

French and Indian War

Answer 1

Conflict between the French and their Indian allies and the British and their Indian allies for control of the Ohio River Valley.

Question 2

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 2

A plan attempt to create “one general government” for the British colonies.

Question 3

Plains of Abraham

Answer 3

A steep cliff high above the St. Lawrence River.

Question 4

Treaty of Paris

Answer 4

1763, Britain and France signed the Treaty of Paris, bringing the French and Indian War to an end.

Question 5

George Washington

Answer 5

Led British soldiers to the Ohio Valley. Started the French and Indian War.

Question 6

makeshift

Answer 6

put together quickly as a temporary substitute

Question 7

surveyor

Answer 7

a person who determines the size, location, or boundaries of an area of land

Question 8

skirmish

Answer 8

a short, often unplanned battle, usually between small groups of soldiers who are part of a larger military unit

Question 9

Explain how the rivalry between Britain and France and conflict over the Ohio Valley led to the French and Indian War in North America.

Answer 9

Britain wanted to expand westward. France wanted to limit British expansion into its territories. Both wanted to take advantage of the fur trade. Native Americans did not want to give up there land.

Question 10

Identify how mistakes and lack of unity led to British defeats early in the war.

Answer 10

Washington was defeated at Fort Necessity; General Braddock was defeated at Fort Duquesene. British loses strained relations with the Iroquois.

Question 11

Summarize how the tide of the war turned in Britain’s favor.

Answer 11

Under William Pitt’s leadership, the tide of battle turned. In 1758, Major General Jeffrey Amherst captured Louisbourg, the most important fort in French Canada. That year, the British also seized Fort Duquesne.

Question 12

Explain how the British won the war.

Answer 12

Britain won the war when it captured Quebec, a major center of New France.

Question 13

Describe the power shift that occurred after the war.

Answer 13

The Treaty of Paris marked the end of French power in North America. By its terms, Britain gained Canada and all French lands east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans.

Question 14

proclamation

Answer 14

An official formal public announcement.

Question 15

crest

Answer 15

the top line of a mountain or hill

Question 16

province

Answer 16

an administrative district or division of a country

Question 17

controversial

Answer 17

giving rise to different and opposing and viewpoints

Question 18

duties

Answer 18

taxes

Question 19

intolerable

Answer 19

unbearable

Question 20

petition

Answer 20

a formal written request

Question 21

repealed

Answer 21

revoke or take away

Question 22

proclamation

Answer 22

an official announcement

Question 23

writ

Answer 23

a written order by a court of law or other authority

Question 24

Describe conflicts in the west after the French and Indian War.

Answer 24

French traders treated Native Americans as friends. British settlers clashed with Native Americans. They raised prices and cleared land.

Question 25

How did the Treaty of Paris impact Native Americans on the Frontier?

Answer 25

Native Americans could not turn to the French for help against the encroaching British, because the French no longer had power in the region.

Question 26

Explain how Britain attempted to ease tensions with the Proclamation of 1763.

Answer 26

British officials were worried about the safety of settlers and the protection of Native Americas. Pontiac’s War led the government to decide that settlers should not provoke conflicts by moving too far west.

Question 27

What did the Proclamation of 1763 decree?

Answer 27

It made an imaginary line along the Appalachian Mountains beyond which colonists could not settle. It created new spaces for colonists to settle in what was French and Spanish territory.

Question 28

Stamp Act

Answer 28

Tax on paper goods.

Question 29

Pontiac’s War

Answer 29

Pontiac led violent raids against British forts.

Question 30

What did many colonists think of the Proclamation of 1763?

Answer 30

They did not think the British government had the power to tell them where to settle.

Question 31

Sugar Act

Answer 31

Put a tax on molasses

Question 32

Townshend Act

Answer 32

taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea

Question 33

Colonists reaction to British taxes whose purpose it was to pay off the debts of the French and Indian War.

Answer 33

Parliament did not have the right to tax them without their consent

Question 34

Sons of Liberty
Daughters of Liberty

Answer 34

protested English taxes, boycotted English products

Question 35

Samuel Adams

Answer 35

Member of the Sons of Liberty. He worked behind the scenes, arranging protests and stirring public support.

Question 36

Mercy Otis Warren

Answer 36

wrote plays that made fun of British officials

Question 37

Abigail Adams

Answer 37

Along with Mercy Otis Warren wrote to encourage colonists to protest British taxes and also called for more rights for women.

Question 38

Patrick Henry

Answer 38

A young lawyer who became well known as a vocal critic of British policies. His speeches in the House of Burgesses moved listeners to both tears and anger.

Question 39

Boston Massacre

Answer 39

5 colonists killed by British soldiers during an uprising in Boston.

Question 40

John Adams

Answer 40

Defended the British soldiers after the Boston Massacre because he wanted to show the world that the colonists believed in justice

Question 41

committee of correspondence

Answer 41

Members of the committee regularly wrote letters and pamphlets reporting to other colonies on events in Massachusetts

Question 42

Quartering Act

Answer 42

Required colonists to house and support British soldiers.

Question 43

King George III

Answer 43

British Monarch during the colonial period.