The Restless Earth Flashcards
What are the characteristics of continental crust?
Thick and less dense
What are the characteristics of oceanic crust?
Thin and more dense
What is a destructive plate margin?
When two different types of plates are moving towards each other. Volcanoes and ocean trenches are made here.
What is a collision plate margin?
When two continental plates come towards each other.
What is a constructive plate margin?
When two plates move away from each other. New crust is created.
What is a conservative plate margin?
When two plates rub against each other. Either in different directions or the same direction but different speeds. Earthquakes are often formed here.
How are fold mountains used?
For tourism, mining, farming, hydro-electric power and forestry.
What is the fold mountains case study?
The Alps.
HEP: 60% of Switzerland gets power from the Alps.
Tourism: 100m per year, 70% for snow sports.
Mining: Salt, iron ore, gold, silver and copper are mined here.
Adaptations:
Steep relief, poor soil and limited communications.
What are the characteristics of a composite volcano?
Alternate layers of ash and lava. Thick and slow flowing lava. Steep sides.
What are the characteristics of shield volcanoes?
Only made of hardened lava. Runny and quick flowing lava. Low and flat.
What are the characteristics of dome volcanoes?
Made up of only lava. Thick and slow lava. Steep sides.
How do scientists monitor volcanoes?
Look for bulges(gps). Measure gases and temperature.
What are the effects of a supervolcano eruption?
Thousands of cubic kilometres of rock,ash and lava. Hot gas, will burn/cause fires. Daylight will be blocked out, mini ice ages can be formed. Hundreds of square kilometres of land will be buried.
What is the epicentre and the focus?
Focus: where the earthquake starts(underground).
Epicentre: the point on the surface above the focus.
How are earthquakes measured?
Richter scale: the amount of energy released by an earthquake(magnitude).
Mercalli scale: measures the effects of an earthquake. E.g. How much has been destroyed.
