The Respiratory System Flashcards
Brain cells will begin to die in about how many minutes?
5min
process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide across membranes, in and out of the alveoli, capillaries, and cells.
Respiration
oxygen molecules move across a membrane from an area of high oxygen concentration to an area of low oxygen concentration.
Oxygenation
mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs.
Ventilation
Upper Airway consists of the following 4
- nose & mouth
- Pharynx
- Nasopharynx
- Larynx
Lower Airway consists of the following 4
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Alveoli
Where is air is warmed and moistened?
Nose and mouth
At the lower end the pharynx divides into 2 structures:
the esophagus & thachea
The esophagus leads to the..
stomach
The trachea leads to the..
lungs
2 tubes branching off into each lung
Bronchi
Smaller branches of airway, lined with smooth muscle
Bronchioles (like tree branches)
Houses the vocal cords “voice box”
Larynx
Thyroid cartilage
The “Adam’s apple”
The trachea is protected by a small leaf shaped flap called the
Epiglottis
When the pt. swallows, the epiglottis moves down and the larynx move up, creating a seal over the opening to the larynx.
Thousands of tiny air sacs, each enclosed in a network of capillaries.
Alveoli
The site of gas exchange in the lungs
Alveoli
Thin layer of connective tissue that covers the OUTER surface of the lungs.
Visceral pleura
Thicker, more elastic tissue that covers the INTERAL chest wall
Parietal pleura
a tiny space with negative pressure that allows the lungs to stay inflated with air
Pleural cavity
a powerful dome shaped muscle essential to breathing
the diaphragm
