The Reproductive System

Question 1

Gametes =

Answer 1

Cells for reproduction that contain half as many chromosomes.

Question 2

Haploid =

Answer 2

One copy.

Question 3

Diploid =

Answer 3

Two copies.

Question 4

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 4

Humans have two sets of 23 chromosomes for a total of 46.

Question 5

Puberty =

Answer 5

The period during which adolescents reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction.

Question 6

What hormones start puberty?

Answer 6

The luteinizing hormone (LH for short) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH for short).

Question 7

What are the secondary sexual characteristics of males?

Answer 7

• Pubic, chest, face, axillary hair.
• Increase in size of larynx.
• Lengthening of vocal cords.
• Penis grows larger in proportion to body size.
• Muscle mass development.

Question 8

What are the secondary sexual characteristics of females?

Answer 8

• Axillary and pubic hair.
• Width of pelvis changes.
• Size of pelvic outlet changes.
• Skeletal growth accelerates.

Question 9

XX:

Answer 9

Female

Question 10

XY:

Answer 10

Male

Question 11

How does the Y chromosome initiate the fetus to become male.

Answer 11

Embryos with Y chromosomes begin to secrete testosterone developing male genitalia.

Question 12

Sex =

Answer 12

The anatomical and physiological characters of male and female.

Question 13

Gender =

Answer 13

The behaviors and roles assigned by culture, masculine and feminine.

Question 14

Internal organs of male and their function.

Answer 14

• Vas deferens (receives sperm from epididymis)
• Seminal vesicles (produce seminal fluid)
• Ejaculatory ducts (holds sperm)
• Prostate gland (produces prostatic fluid)
• Bulbourethral glands (produces thick mucus)

Question 15

Internal organs of female and their function.

Answer 15

• Ovaries (create follicles which release ovum)
• Uterine tubes (tube that transports ovum)
• Uterus (pear-shaped organ)
• Vagina (transports endometrium during meno, holds penis and collects ejaculate, birth canal)

Question 16

External organs of male and their function.

Answer 16

• Scrotum (maintains temp.)
• Testis (secrete testosterone)
• Epididymis (sperm mature and given acrosome)
• Penis
• Urethra

Question 17

External organs of female and their function.

Answer 17

• Mons pubis (fleshy fat pad)
• Labia majora (outermost layer)
• Labia minora (smooth and thin)
• Clitoris (organ of sexual response)
• Vaginal introitus
• Breasts

Question 18

Seminal =

Answer 18

Produces seminal fluid.

Question 19

Prostate =

Answer 19

Produces prostatic fluid.

Question 20

Bulbourethral =

Answer 20

Neutralized urine in urethra, neutralizes acidity of vagina.

Question 21

Male gamete:

Answer 21

Sperm

Question 22

Female gamete:

Answer 22

Ovum (egg)

Question 23

What is the role of testosterone during puberty?

Answer 23

Causes reproductive organs to mature, muscle and bone to grow, facial and pubic hair to appear, and the voice to deepen.

Question 24

What is semen composed of?

Answer 24

A combination of sperm and secretions from seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral gland.

Question 25

Male and female genital equivalents.

Answer 25

• Ovaries = testes
• Clitoral hood = foreskin

Question 26

External female gentical collective called vulva.

Answer 26

• Labia majora
• Labia minora
• Clitoris
• Mons pubis

Question 27

Understand the uterine and ovarian cycles that make up a female’s menstrual cycles.

Answer 27

• Uterine cycle: four stages.
• Ovarian cycle: two stages.

Question 28

The function of the corpus luteum:

Answer 28

Releases progesterone.

Question 29

Where in the female reproductive tract does fertilization occur?

Answer 29

Upper 1/3 of uterine tube.