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6 The Renal System > The Renal system QMP > Flashcards

The Renal system QMP Flashcards

1
Q

From the collecting duct of the nephrons, urine drains directly into the

ureter

minor calyces

urinary bladder

renal pelvis

major calyces

A

minor calyces

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2
Q

Release of ADH from the posterior pituitary gland is stimulated by

increased blood volume

alcohol consumption

increased osmotic pressure of plasma

low osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid

All of the choices are correct

A

Increased osmotic pressure of plasma

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3
Q

Tubular secretion can be used to eliminate ____ from the blood at a faster rate than it enters the filtrate

penicillin

potassium ions

ammonium ions

hydrogen ions

All of these are correct

A

All of these are correct

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4
Q

Which of the following represents the correct order of anatomical structures found in a nephron

proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, glomerular capsule

glomerular capsule, nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule

glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

distal convoluted tubule, glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop

glomerular capsule, distal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule

A

glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

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5
Q

The kidney helps to regulate PH of body fluids by

reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate

secreting hydrogen ions into the urine

reabsorbing sodium ions

both reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate and reabsorbing sodium ions

both reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions

A

both reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions

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6
Q

The PH of extracellular fluid, such as blood plasma, of a healthy person is

highly basic

neutral

slightly basic

slightly acidic

highly acidic

A

slightly basic

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7
Q

Which of the following represents the correct order of anatomical structures found in a nephron?

glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

distal convoluted tubule, glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule,nephron loop

glomerular capsule, nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule

proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, glomerular capsule

glomerular capsule, distal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule

A

glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

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8
Q

Which of the following represents the correct order of anatomy found in a nephron?

glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

distal convoluted tubule, glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop

glomerular capsule, nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule

proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, glomerular capsule

glomerular capsule, distal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule

A

glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule

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9
Q

The dehydration sensors in the body stimulate the thirst centre in response to?

decreased flow of saliva, increased osmotic pressure of blood plasma, and decreased blood volume

decreased blood volume

increased osmotic pressure of blood plasma

increased osmotic pressure of blood plasma and decreased blood volume

decreased flow of saliva

A

decreased flow of saliva, increased osmotic pressure of blood plasma, and decreased blood volume

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10
Q

Which of the following beverages contains diuretics that inhibit ADH secretion?

wine

tea

beer

coffee

both beer and wine

A

both beer and wine

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11
Q

Which of the following is not found in urine in the normal human body?

Sodium Chloride

Glucose

Dissolved Ions

Water

Nitrogenous wastes from the liver such as creatinine and urea

A

Glucose

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12
Q

Which of the following hormones would be realeased in a person that has recently ingested 10 cups of water?

ADH

angiotensin II

aldosterone

ANP

insulin

A

ANP

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13
Q

Which of the following body fluid compartments is the largest?

lymph

plasma

intracellular fluid

interstitial fluid

extracellular fluid

A

intracellular fluid

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14
Q

The glomerular filtration rate in a normal adult male is about

250 liters a day

210 liters a day

180 liters a day

120 liters a day

80 liters a day

A

180 liters a day

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15
Q

An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to:

decrease in ADH production

increase in aldostyerone production

decrease in concentration of blood plasma

increase in ADH production

all of the above

A

increase in ADH production

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16
Q

On average, renal blood flow declines by __ between the ages of 40 and 70

20%

30%

40%

50%

80%

A

50%

17
Q

The urinary bladder is lined by

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

stratified squamous epithelium

transitional epithelium

simple cuboidal epithelium

ciliated columnar epithelium

A

transitional epithelium

18
Q

Which of the following structures found in the kidney is the site where filtration of the blood occurs?

renal tubule

renal hilum

renal artery

renal corpuscle

renal calyx

A

renal corpuscle

19
Q

Together with the skin and the liver, the kidneys help synthesize ____, which is the active form of vitamin D

renin

erythropoietin

calcitriol

angiotensin

calcitonin

A

calcitriol

20
Q

Uric acid is a waste product formed from the catabolism of

creatine phosphate

nucleic acids

amino acids

carbohydrates

fatty acids

A

nucleic acids

21
Q

The glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule is part of the

renal tubule

renal corpuscle

renal pelvis

minor calyx

renal pyramid

A

renal corpuscle

22
Q

The terminal portion of the urinary system consists of a small tube that extends from the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body called the

external urethral orifice

uvula

urethra

collecting duct

ureter

A

urethra

23
Q

The portion of the nephron that attached to the collecting duct is the;

Descending loop of Henle

Proximal convoluted tubule

Renal Pelvis

Distal convoluted tubule

Bladder

A

Distal convoluted tubule

24
Q

The process of expelling urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra is called

defecation

filtration

expectoration

retention

micturition

A

micturition

25
Q

Urinary tract infections are most frequently due to

Blood in urine

Faecal microorganisms

Alkaline urine

Acidic urine

A

Faecal microorganisms

26
Q

Which of the following substances is found in plasma but is not usually in the tubular fluid?

amino acids

vitamins

water

large proteins

nitrogenous wastes

A

large proteins

27
Q

The distal convoluted tubules empty directly into the

nephron loop

renal pelvis

collecting duct

minor calyx

major calyx

A

collecting duct

28
Q

Which of the following lists contains the correct order of fluid through the urinary system?

PCT, nephron loop, DCT, collecting duct, calyces, renal pelvis, ureters

PCT, nephron loop, collecting duct, renal pelvis, calyces, ureter

ACT, SAT, GRE, DDT

DCT, PCT, collecting duct, nephron loop, calyces, ureter, renal pelvis

DCT, nephron loop, PCT, Calyces, collecting duct, renal pelvis

A

PCT, nephron loop, DCT, collecting duct, calyces, renal pelvis, ureters

29
Q

Water is lost from the body through

the skin

the lungs

the kidneys

the gastrointestinal tract

All of the choices are correct

A

All of the choices are correct

30
Q

The functional units of the kidneys are called

nephrons

glomeruli

corpuscles

tubules

calyces

A

nephrons

31
Q

An important defence against urinary tract infection is

Macrophages in urine

Alkaline urine

Regular copious flow of dilute urine

Mucos lining the urethra

A

Regular copious flow of dilute urine

32
Q

In response to increased blood volume, ANP is secreted by cells in the

pituitary gland

hypothalamus

kidneys

heart

adrenal glands

A

heart

6 The Renal System (2 decks)

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