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The Renaissance And The Scientific Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

industrial revolution

A

Transformative period marked by shift from manual to machine labor, improvements in transportation, factories, energy, and mass production

Transition to new manufacturing processes

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2
Q

Who is Nicolaus Copernicus?

A

Father of modern astronomy

Responsible for the Copernican revolution

A Polish astronomer and mathematician who proposed the heliocentric theory

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3
Q

Key technologies of the Industrial Revolution

A

Textiles, steam power, iron making, invention of tool machines

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4
Q

Nicolaus Copernicus’ contribution

A

Proposed the heliocentric model, challenging the geocentric view

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5
Q

Who invented an improved seed drill in 1701?

Who invented the threshing machine?

A

Jethro Tull

Andrew Meikle

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6
Q

Who introduced the steam pump?

Who invented the safety lamp?

A

Savery

Humphry Davy

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7
Q

Worlds largest and oldest artificial waterway

A

The Grand Canal (China)

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8
Q

Father of modern science?

A

Galileo Galilei

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9
Q

3 Highly important scientists from renaissance era

A

Galileo Galilei, Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler

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10
Q

3 Highly important scientists from renaissance era

A

Galileo Galilei, Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler

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11
Q

Galileo Galilei’ contributions

A

· Improving the telescope for astronomical observations
· Observing four moons orbiting Jupiter, phases of Venus, and sunspots
· Formulating the law of inertia and studying kinematics
· Supporting the Copernican heliocentric model, challenging geocentrism
· Applying mathematical principles to scientific inquiry
· Emphasizing experimentation and observation in research
· Laying the groundwork for classical mechanics and influencing Sir Isaac Newton

He also established the basic principle of relativity

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12
Q

Responsible for creating Kepler’s laws of planetary motion

A

Johannes Kepler

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13
Q

Often called the greatest scientist that ever lived and father of modern Physics

A

Isaac Newton

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14
Q

Isaac Newton’s contributions

A

Laid the foundations for classical physics/classical mechanics

Developed laws of motion, law of Universal Gravitation, calculus

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15
Q

Johannes Kepler’ contributions

A

Discovered laws of planetary motion, supported heliocentrism

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16
Q

Scientific method

A

Emphasis on experimentation, observation, and mathematical formulation

17
Q

Andreas Vesalius

A

Father of Modern Anatomy
Published “De humani corporis fabrica” (1543)
Corrected Galenic errors through human dissections
Described organs, blood vessels, and nerves in detail
Introduced concept of “anatomical variation”
Transformed anatomy and medical education

18
Q

William Harvey

A

Discovered circulatory system and blood circulation
Published “De Motu Cordis” (1628)
Challenged Galenic views on heart function
Conducted quantitative experiments to measure blood flow

19
Q

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

A

Father of Microbiology
First to observe microorganisms
Discovered cells
Described microorganisms
Corresponded with the Royal Society

20
Q

Alessandro Volta

A

Invented the electric battery (Voltaic Pile)
Demonstrated electric potential and electromotive force
Established electrochemistry as a field of study
Transformed physics, engineering, and daily life

21
Q

Humphry Davy

A

Developed electrolysis and discovered several elements
Invented the Davy lamp for mining safety
Conducted extensive electrochemical research
Advanced chemistry and scientific instrumentation

Used battery to make light

22
Q

Micheal Faraday

A

Discovered electric generator
Discovered electromagnetic induction
Formulated Faraday’s laws of electrolysis
Demonstrated electromagnetic rotation
Invented the Faraday cage
Discovered benzene

23
Q

Zenobe Theophile Grammr

A

Developed the first practical generator

24
Q

Thomas Edison

A

Made a practical incandescent lamp

25
Q

Designed flying machine

A

Leonardo da Vinci

26
Q

Invented the first successful airplane

A

The Wright brothers

27
Q

Perfected the helicoptor

A

Igor Ivan Skiers

28
Q

Pioneer in the development of modern rockets

A

Robert H. Goddard

29
Q

Theorized evolution with natural selection

A

Charles Darwin

30
Q

Discovered the laws of heredity

A

Gregor Johann Mendel

31
Q

First successful flight was made with

A

A ballon in france

32
Q

Founded the Royal society in London

A

Isaac Newton

33
Q

George Simon Ohm

A

Discovered the basic law that governs the flow of current in a wire

34
Q

The renaissance and scientific revolution

A

Responsible for the introduction of ideas, such as a heliocentric, solar system, and loss of planetary motion

35
Q

The Reformation

A

The religious revolution

Took place in the western church

Great leaders :
Martin Luther
John Calvin

36
Q

Royal Society

A

Founded in 1660
Promotes scientific knowledge and inquiry
Publishes Philosophical Transactions, a prestigious scientific journal
Fosters collaboration and innovation among scientists
Influences scientific policy and education

Notable members:
Isaac Newton,
Robert Hooke,
Edmond Halley,
Charles Darwin,
Albert Einstein

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