The Religious Settlement - Tudors

Question 1

Act of Supremacy - May 1559

Answer 1

• Reinstated the monarch as the head of the church
• But, Eliza chose less controversial title of ‘Supreme Governor’ of Church > Head of Church. To placate those who still believed the Pope was the rightful head of church / women weren’t suitable leaders

Enforcement of the settlement:

• Required an oath of loyalty to be sworn to Eliza
• To make sure this was carried out on a parish level, commissioners sent to investigate. Also new court - Court of High Commissioners - established, to investigate those whose loyalty was suspect

Question 2

Act of Uniformity - May 1559

Answer 2

• new prayer book . Book of Common Prayer. Fused moderate prayer book of 1549 with more Protestant prayer book of 1552.
• Omitted the Black Rubric of 1552, which denied the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist. Offensive to Catholics
• Clerical dress requirements - that of the moderate 1549 prayer book
• REVOKED THE HERESY ACTS
• Essentially: any practices in the 1549 prayer book should still be followed

Question 3

Act of Exchange - 1559

Answer 3

• Allowed Eliza to exchange spiritual property with secular property owned by the Church in her gift of patronage
• Gave Elizabeth access to valuable Church property
• Collect rent from Bishops, keep them in control, unpopular

Question 4

57 Injunctions - 1563-1571

Answer 4

CALVINIST NATURE SOMEWHAT CLEARER BUT STILL NO TRULY DEFINITIVE NATURE TO THE SETTLEMENT

• pilgrimages / processions banned
• Use of Eng Bible
• Priests needed a license from a bishop to preach. Needed to preach at least once a month, or revoked
• No more altars to be destroyed

Question 5

39 Articles - 1563 - 1571

Answer 5

Contained standard Calvinist ideas, but Eliza wouldn’t allow them to be confirmed - didn’t want to alienate Catholic subjects.

Did allow parliament to confirm the 39 Articles in 1571, after Papal excommunication, as Catholics no longer needed to be appeased, traitors

Question 6

Visitations 1559-1564 (before 39 articles)

Answer 6

Visitation = right of Supreme Governor, used to check conformity. 125 commissioners appointed, loss of 400 Marian clergy

Question 7

Appropriation of First Fruit and Tenths

Answer 7

Dealt w taxation of Church. Church hate crown.

Court of Augmentation deals w closure of monasteries

Question 8

Settlement as ERASTIAN

Emphasis on conformity of subjects & profitability for the crown

Answer 8

serves needs of the state.

Important: if settlement is essentially political in nature, then that could make any threats to the settlement essentially religious in nature.

Question 9

So what did Parker prepare?

Answer 9

• 39 Articles
• Act of Exchange
• Appropriation of the First Tenths and Fruits

Question 10

Religious settlement enforced by?

Answer 10

• Visitations

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