The Relationship Between Nutrition And Physical Activity Flashcards
When no oxygen is available, what is the only macronutrient that can be used to produce ATP?
Carbohydrate
What is the name of the stored form of glucose?
Glycogen
Glucose burned with oxygen produces what?
Carbon dioxide, water ATP and heat.
Glucose burned without oxygen produces what?
Lactic acid, ATP and heat.
What are mitochondria and what is their function?
Mitochondria – tiny bodies found inside most cells which processes glucose with oxygen to produce energy.
What is the disadvantage of burning CHO without oxygen?
Lactic acid can lead to muscle soreness.
What is the process of burning fat for energy?
The process of burning fat for energy is called Lipolysis. During exercise, triglycerides in adipose tissues and muscle fibre are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol.
How much energy is produced per gram of fat?
9 kcal
How energy is produced per gram of CHO?
4 Kcal
How much energy is produced per gram of protein?
4 Kcal
When dose protein become an important source of energy?
When exercise continues for many hours.
As exercise intensity increases, what macronutrients is used more?
Carbohydrates
In the pre-exercise period, what is the best time to consume complex carbohydrates?
1.5 – 2 hrs prior to exercise.
In the pre-exercise period, what is the best time to consume simple carbohydrates?
Closer to the beginning of an exercise session.
When is ingesting CHOs during exercise acceptable?
- The exercise session continues longer than an hour.
- The match or race is longer than 90 mins in duration.
- A pre-exercise meal is not possible.