The Regulatory Environment Flashcards

1
Q

FCA Key Features

A
Responsible for the conduct of all firms
Responsible for the prudential supervision of all non-PRA firms
Has a rulebook (the FCA Handbook)
Is a company limited by guarantee
Has a board appointed by the Treasury
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2
Q

PRA Responsibility

A
Deposit takers
Insurers
Significant firms
Has a rulebook (the PRA Handbook)
Is the BoE
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3
Q

Dual regulated firms

A

Prudential regulation from PRA and conduct regulation from the FCA

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4
Q

Overview of regulatory regime

A

PRA and FCA cooperate and coordinate. PRA has veto power over the FCA. FPC issues directions to the PRA and the FCA.

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5
Q

FCA accountability

A

Accountable to parliament and HMT

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6
Q

FCA Strategic Objectives

A

Ensure relevant markets function well

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7
Q

FCA Operational Objectives

A

I-C-C
Integrity
Consumer protection
Competition

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8
Q

PRA General Objectives

A

Promote the safety and soundness of PRA-authorised persons.

Business is carried on in a way that avoids adverse effects on stability and minimise adverse effects if failure occurs.

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9
Q

FCA’s risk-based approach to supervision

A

Based on potential impact to FCA’s objectives. More effort allocated to firms posing largest threat to consumers or market integrity

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10
Q

FCA Pillar 1

A

Proactive firm supervision (Firm systematic framework)

  • Business Model Strategy Analysis
  • Proactive engagement
  • Deep dive assessment
  • Firm Evaluation
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11
Q

FCA Pillar 2

A

Event driven work

-Reactive supervision

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12
Q

FCA Pillar 3

A

Issues and Products supervision

-Thematic reviews

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13
Q

How firms are categorised by FCA

A

Fixed portfolio - continue to be subject to a programme of firm or group-specific supervision (Pillar 1)
Flexible portfolio - subject to event-driven reactive supervision (Pillar 2) and thematic or product supervision (Pillar 3) only

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14
Q

Tools of supervision

A
  • Diagnostic: Identify, assess and measure risks
  • Monitoring: Track the development of identified risks
  • Preventative: Limit or reduce identified risks to prevent them from crystallising
  • Remedial: Respond to risks when they have crystallised
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15
Q

Outcomes focused regulation

A
Greater reliance on outcome-focused rules
The conduct risk approach
Allows for:
Innovation and development
Accessibility for smaller firms
Focus on the purpose of regulation
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16
Q

Powers of regulators under FSMA 2000

A

Part 4A authorisation of firms, approval of individuals, recognition of other bodies (e.g exchanges)
Supervision, Enforcement, Sanctions and disciplinary action
Rule making
Prosecution of financial crime

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17
Q

Treating customers fairly outcome 1+2

A

1 The fair treatment of customers is central to the corporate culture
2 Products and services meet the needs of identified consumer groups

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18
Q

Treating customers fairly outcome 3+4

A

3 Consumers are provided with clear information before, during and after the point of sale
4 The advice is suitable

19
Q

Treating customers fairly outcome 5+6

A

5 Consumers are provided with what firms have led them to expect
6 Consumers do not face unreasonable post sale barriers

20
Q

PRA Fundamental rules 1-4

A
  1. Integrity
  2. Skill, care and diligence
  3. A firm must act in a prudent manner
  4. Adequate financial resources
21
Q

PRA Fundamental rules 5-8

A
  1. Effective risk strategies and risk management systems
  2. Organise and control its affairs responsibly and effectively
  3. Open and cooperative way with regulators
    8 Prepare for resolution
22
Q

Management information

A

Firm must have management information arrangement to monitor effectiveness

23
Q

TCF

A

TCF is an outcomes-based regime focusing mainly on retail products

24
Q

Principles for businesses 1-3

A
  1. Integrity
  2. Skill, care and diligence
  3. Management and control (SYSC)
25
Q

Principles for businesses 4-7

A
  1. Financial prudence (CRD)
  2. Market conduct (MAR)
  3. Customers’ interests (COBS/CASS)
  4. Communication with clients (COBS/CASS)
26
Q

Principles for businesses 8-11

A
  1. Conflicts of interest (COBS/CASS)
  2. Customers: relationship of trust (COBS/CASS)
  3. Clients’ assets (COBS/CASS)
  4. Relations with clients
27
Q

Consequence of breaching PfB

A

If a firm breaches any of the Principles for Businesses it will be liable to disciplinary sanctions as they are legally binding on firms

28
Q

Senior management arrangements, systems and controls - Purpose

A
  • Encourage directors to take responsibility for the firm’s arrangements on regulatory matters
  • Amplify PfB 3 to organise and control its affairs responsibly and effectively
  • Vest responsibility for effective and responsible organisation in specific director and senior managers
  • Create a common platform of organisational systems and controls (MiFID/CRD)
29
Q

SYSC 4 -General requirements

A
  • Sound governance
  • Experienced management
  • Receive written reports on compliance and internal audit ANNUALLY
  • Apportionment of responsibilities must be CLEAR and APPROPRIATE
30
Q

SYSC 5 - Employees, Agents and other relevant persons

A
  • Skills, knowledge and expertise
  • Segregation of duties
  • Awareness of procedures
  • Monitoring
31
Q

SYSC 6

A
  • Compliance, audit and financial crime
32
Q

Competition and Markets Authority - Powers

A
  • To investigate and block takeovers or mergers if in the interests of completion and consumers
  • Enforce consumer protection legislation (cooperation and coordination in the financial sector)
  • Prosecute unlawful cartel members
33
Q

Information Commissioner’s Office

A
  • To uphold information rights in the public interest
  • To ensure data provides for individuals (DPA)
  • To promote openness by public bodies (FoIA)
34
Q

Pensions Regulator

A

To protect the members of work- based pension schemes (Occupational Pension Scheme)

35
Q

BoE Statutory objective

A

Contribute to protecting and enhancing the stability of the financial systems of the UK

36
Q

Financial Policy Committee

A

Identify, monitor and take action to remove or reduce systemic risks with a view to protecting and enhancing the resilience of the UK financial system.

37
Q

FPC meetings

A

Meets 4 times per year, and issues biannual Financial Stability Reports

38
Q

HMRC

A

Primary tax revenue raising agency of Government. ISA -> tax efficient wrapper

39
Q

The Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery Chamber)

A

Hears appeals against FCA, PRA or pensions regulator decisions

40
Q

S138 FSMA 2000

A

Gives legal effect to the rules and guidance of the regulators set out in their Handbooks

41
Q

Binding provisions of FCA/PRA handbook

A

(R) Rules - rules are binding on authorised persons
(D) Directions - binding on those whom they relate, these dictate behaviour to be taken
(P) Statements of Principle - binding upon approved persons
(EU) Text from EU legislation
(UK) Text from UK law

42
Q

Non-binding provisions of FCA/PRA handbook

A

(E) Evidential provisions - non-binding, but show evidence required to demonstrate compliance with a rule
(G) Guidance - non-binding, recommends means of compliance or courses of action to take
(C) Conduct - behaviour that does not amount to market abuse

43
Q

Who funds the FCA

A

Funded by annual levies on its member firms