The Reformations (Protestant, Catholic, English) Flashcards
Why was their dissatisfaction with the church?
It became corrupt and it was becoming more and more involved in worldly affairs.
What were BENEFICES?
religious positions with money and property; mostly taken by mobility with no qualifications
What are INDULGENCES?
a way to reduce your time spent in purgatory; used y church to raise money
What were the BOURGEOISIE?
the middle class outside the normalness of society; became very important during the time
What were GOOD WORKS? What was Luther’s stance on good works?
good things one did to show faith; Luther against them
Who sold indulgences to fund the building of St. Peter’s Basilica?
Leo X
What was the 95 THESES?
Luther’s ideas against indulgences and the church
When was Luther excommunicated?
1521
What was the DIET OF WORMS?
I diet Luther was invited to were he was ordered to give up his views against the church
Who helped Luther hide after the Diet of Worms?
Prince Fredrick of Saxony
What is most likely the reason Prince Fredrick help Luther?
So the emporer did not centralize power
When was the Peasant Rebellion?
1524
What were Luther’s views on the Pesant Rebellion? Why?
Against it; wanted nobility on his side to support Lutherism
What were ANABAPTISTS?
more radical breakaway faiths from Lutherism
Who was CHARLES V?
The Holy Roman Emporer and King of Spain
What was the PEACE OF AUGSBURG?
A treaty that allowed each HRE prince to choose either Catholicism or Lutherism to be followed in their land
Who was JOHN CALVIN?
made further challenges to Catholic Church; started Calvinism
What was the COUNCIL OF PISA -1511 and LATERAN COUNCIL -1512?
Two early attempts to reform the Catholic Church that were both ignored by the Pope
What was the COUNCIL OF TRENT?
A church council lasting with irregular meetings from 1545-1563 made important decisions about the Catholic Church with small amounts of people
Why were the decisions made during the Council of Trent?
To keep people with Catholicism not bring new people to it
Why was the Council of Trent allowed?
New clergy who grew up with Christian humanism and were more willing to change had taken over the church
Who was IGNATIUS OF LOYOLA?
formed the Society of Jesus/Jesuits- combated heresy and spread Catholicism
Who was TERESA OF AVILA?
symbolized renewed feelings of intense faith; set up an order of nuns with a very strict religious routine
Who was HENRY VIII?
The king of England during the Tudor Dynasty
What was an ANNULMENT?
the cancel of a marriage by the pope
Why did Henry VIII go through many annulments?
He could no produce a male eir
Why wouldn’t the pope annul Henry’s marriage with Catherine of Aragon?
She was the aunt of Charles V
What church did Henry make to annul the marriage himself?
The Church of England/ Anglican Church
What was the ACT OF SUPREMACY?
Established Henry as head of Church of England
How did King Edward VI make the church after the death of Henry VIII?
More Protestant
How did Queen Mary I make the church after the death of Edward I?
Returned it Catholicism
How did Queen Elizabeth I make the church after the death of Mary I?
found a compromise between the 2 religions in the 39 ARTICLES
