The Reactivity Series Of Metals Flashcards
Combustion
Burning
General equation for a metal burning in oxygen.
Metal + oxygen —-> metal oxide
Na + water
It fizzes, flotes, moves, melts and forms a ball, disappears, and a colourless solution forms.
K + water
As for sodium +
burns with a lilac flam.
Popping sound at the end
Why are these metals stored in oil.
To prevent a reaction with moisture and oxygen in the air.
Na and K
Na and K are easily cut and are shiny when freshly cut but they fornish rapidly in air.
Reaction of Calcuim with COLD water observations.
Ca sinks and rises
Fizzes
Ca disappears
Test tube warms up
filtrate is a colourless solution
Method of magnesium and steam
Heat the mg until it is red hot and the heat the damp mineral wool to convert water into steam.
Results of magnesium and steam
Mg burns with a bright white light.
white Ash forms.
Gas burns with a pop
General equation for metal and water
Metal + water ——-> metal oxide + hydrogen
Whqt happens when u add copper to water
Nothing, copper does not react with water or steam
Can u add sodium and potassium to acid?
No, they are too reactive to add to acids.
How to tell is hydrogen is present
If u collect the gas and it burns with a pop there is hydrogen.
General equation for metal and acid
Metal + acid ——> salt + hydrogen
What is salt
Salt is the name of the product of a specific acid and metal.
The name of the salt depends on the acid used.
Displacement
Displacement reaction is one which a more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from a compound.
A metal can’t displace the same metal compound.
Magnesium
Magnesium is more reactive so it displaces the less reactive copper.
A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compound.
Word equation:
Magnesium + copper (sulfate) —> copper+ Magnesium supfate
Observation on mg + copper sulfate
Red brown solid forms.
Grey solid diapers.
Blue solution turns colourless.
Test tube warms up.
Poor scientists can make a zoo in China
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Copper
The reactivity series
Potassium- burn in air to form metal oxide. Reacted with (cold) water to form metal hydroxide (solution) + hydrogen. Reacts dangerously fast with acid.
Sodium- same as potassium.
Calcium- same as potassium.
Magnesium- burns in airbto form metal oxides. Reacts slowly woth water but reacts with steam. Reacts with acids to form a salt + hydrogen.
Aluminium- burns in air to form metal oxides. Reacts with steam to form metal oxide (solid) + hydrogen. Reacts with acids to form salt + hydrogen.
Zinc- metal oxides form slowly. Reacts with steam to form metal oxide (solid) + hydrogen. Reacts with acids to form a salt + hydrogen.
Iron- same ad zinc.
Copper- metal oxids form slowly. Does not react with water or steam. Does not react woth acid
This tells us that potassium is the most reactive and copper is the lest reactive.
Sometimes aluminium is less reactive during our experiments as it is permanently coated in a protective layer of aluminium oxide
Word equation for k, Na, & Ca with cold water.
Metal + water —–> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Word equation for Mg, Al, Zn, & Fe with steam
Metal + steam —> metal oxide + hydrogen
Most metals, except Cu, rwact with dilute acids to give a salt & hydrogen ( Na K wr don’t do to dangerous)
Metal + acid —-> salt + hydrogen
