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History America > The quest for civil rights > Flashcards

The quest for civil rights Flashcards

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1
Q

what was Malcolm X saying?

A

peruse equality and justice ‘by any means necessary

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2
Q

How did the black power movement start?

A

assassination of Malcom X and the urban riots of 1964 and ‘65

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3
Q

what was the Black Power idea?

A

the idea that black american should focus on creating, econ, social and political power on their own rather than seeking integration from a white society

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4
Q

what was the main difference between Malcom X and MLK

A
  • Malcom X fought violently
  • MLK was inspired by Gandhi and wanted to peacefully protest
  • Malcom X didn’t want segregation
  • MLK wanted segregation
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5
Q

what was the freedom summer and when was it

A
  • 1964
  • SNCC sent volunteers to the south to encourage black people to vote
  • black people tried to vote but only some were accepted
  • mass murders and violence
  • volunteers disappeared and later found murdered
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6
Q

what was Birmingham and when was it

A
  • 1963
  • named bombingham
  • tactic was to fill jails
  • Bull Connor ordered to attack people with dogs and pressure hoses
  • caught media attention
  • black homes set on fire and bombed
  • children trained
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7
Q

what did ‘bombingham’ lead towards

A
  • pressed pressure of JFK to put forwards Civil Rights Act
  • Led towards the march on Washington 1964
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8
Q

what was the role of the NAACP and when was it established

A
  • established in 1909
  • provided lawyers to black americans who were wrongly accused
  • fought politically
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9
Q

when and what is ‘Brown V Board’ case?

A
  • 1954
  • outlawed segregation in public schools
  • overturned the ‘separate but equal doctrine’
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10
Q

what was the negatives of the ‘Brown V Board’ case?

A
  • formation of the ‘White Citizens Council’ the same year
  • court had vague sayings of ‘with all deliberate speed’
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11
Q

what movement arose from the Black Power movement?

A
  • back to Africa movement
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12
Q

what was the occupation of Alcatraz by the N.A and when was it?

A
  • 1969-71
  • forcibly ended by the US gov
  • 19 month protest
  • one 14yr old died
  • Red Power activists wanted to reclaim the land- it was supposed to be given back but didn’t
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13
Q

who led the Alcatraz occupation and what happened to him

A

Richard Oakes, shot to death

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14
Q

What did AIM stand for and when did the protests take place

A

American Indian movement
- took place in 1969-71

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15
Q

What did the AIM protests consist of

A
  • movement for Indian Rights
  • response to police brutality and racial profiling
  • AIM seized a replica of the mayflower in Boston Harbor 1970
    declared Thanksgiving a national day of mourning
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16
Q

what was ‘The Longest Walk’ and when was it

A
  • 1978
  • 2800 mile trek for N.A justice
  • called attention to issues affecting Native Americans like lack of jobs
  • proposed legislation threatened Indians, would eliminate treaties and cut federal programs
17
Q

what was the ‘Trail of Broken Treaties’

A
  • AIM organisers wanted to draw attention to broken promises
  • released 20 points of demands
  • hundreds of N.A drove in caravans
18
Q

what was the gov reaction to the ‘Trail of Broken Treaties’

A

NIXON- dismissed the 20 points but took the protest seriously

19
Q

what and when were the freedom rides

A

1961
- 7 black and 6 white activists tested out the segregation of bus terminals
- deeper south= more oppression, mob attacked and threw a bomb
- riders escaped and badly beaten

20
Q

what act did the freedom rides test

A

Boyton v Virginia

21
Q

what was the gov response to the freedom rides

A
  • pressure from Kennedy Administration caused gov to send out regulations prohibiting segregation
22
Q

when did abraham lincoln sign the emancipation act

A

1863

23
Q

what was the Harlem Renassiance

A
  • reawakening of African American culture in art, history and literature
24
Q

what period did the Harlem Renassiance take place

A

1918-37

25
Q

what was executive order 9981 and who was it by

A

Harry S Truman- Equality of treatment and opportunity in the armed forces

26
Q

when was executive order 9981

A

1948

27
Q

when did Thurgood Marshall join the Supreme Court

A

1967

28
Q

how many cases did Thurgood Marshall win and how many did he take on

A

32 cases overall
29 cases won

29
Q

what event in 1968 lead to the world finding out about the Black Power Movement

A

1968 Olympics-
- two athletes who were on the Olympic podium raised the black power hand
- used their medal wins to show social issues
- both wanted immediate change rather than incrimental change

30
Q

When was the Northern Crusade

A

1966

31
Q

What was the Nothern Crusade

A
  • Chicago Freedom Movement
  • targeted structural racisim, discrimination in education, employment and healthcare
  • biggest target was FAIR HOUSING
32
Q

what was the negative impact of the New Deal on Black Americans

A
  • they were pushed out even the worst of jobs
  • refused to guarantee mortgages for blacks wanting to be in white cities
  • White landlords made money on untouched land meaning that black people off the land
  • failed to support anti- lynching bill
33
Q

what is the braceo programme

A

Mexican workers signed contracts to work for a set period in time, for in return a guaranteed level of housing and working conditions.

33
Q

what was the positive impact of the New Deal on Black Americans

A
  • The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was colour blind
34
Q

when was the braceo programme

A

1942-64

35
Q

what are gay americans seen as

A

not apart of the visable racial group

36
Q

what was the scare for Gay rights and when was it

A

Lavender scare, 1950’s

37
Q

where and when was the first repeal of anti- gay laws

A

Illinois, 1962

38
Q

what was proposition 6

A

law proposed in california in 1978 to ban gays and those who support

History America (5 decks)

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