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The Professional Lifeguard Flashcards

1
Q

Name 6 ways in which a lifeguard prevents drowning and other injuries from occurring

A

Patron surveillance
Preventing injuries by minimizing or eliminating hazardous situations and behaviors
Enforcing/educating the facilities rules to others
Recognizing and responding quickly to all emergencies
Administering first aid, CPR, using an automated external defibrillator (AED) and if trained administering oxygen
Working as a team with other lifeguards facility staff or management

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2
Q

What comes first: secondary responsibilities or patron surveillance?

A

Patron surveillance

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3
Q

As a lifeguard what is your Primary Responsibility?

A

As a lifeguard your primary responsibility is to prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at your aquatic facility

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4
Q

In non-emergency situations where time is not a factor you should use what decision making model?

A

FIND

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5
Q

What does FIND mean?

A

F- figure out the problem
I- identify possible solutions
N- name the pros and cons of each solution
D- decide which solution is best, then act on it

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6
Q

What does Duty to Act mean?

A

While on the job, you have a legal responsibility to act in an emergency. Failure to adhere to this duty could result in legal action.

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7
Q

The primary responsibility of a lifeguard is to ensure _____________ _____________ and to
protect ____________________.

A

patron safety and protect lives



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8
Q

In what ways should a professional lifeguard be prepared for his or her job?

A

Knowledgeable and skilled , reliable, mature, courteous and consistent, positive, professional

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9
Q

What different environments employ lifeguards?

A

lakes, beaches, coves, pool clubs, community pools

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10
Q

The certificates you earn in this class will prepare you for working in which environment(s)?

A

*very environment that hires red cross certified lifeguards

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11
Q

List one decision that a lifeguard may have to make?

A

F.I.N.D

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12
Q

The FIND model stands for:

A

Figure out the problem, identify the possible solutions, name the pros and cons for each solution, decide which solutions is best

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13
Q

Duty to act _____

A

A legal responsibility to respond to an emergency while

on the job.

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14
Q

Standard of care

A

The benchmark by which the actions of a caregiver with

similar training and experience is measured.

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15
Q

Negligence _____

A

A failure to act or to use reasonable care that results in

injury or that causes further harm.

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16
Q

Good Samaritan laws _____

A

Statutes that generally provide legal protection to
people who willingly (without a duty to act) give
emergency care without being negligent or accepting
anything in return

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17
Q

Consent ______

A

Permission to provide care given by an injured adult or
the parent of an injured child to a rescuer or caregiver.
This permission is implied when the adult is
unresponsive or the child is unattended.

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18
Q

Refusal of care ______

A

An unwillingness to receive first aid or medical
treatment expressed by a victim (or the victim’s parent
or guardian) who must give consent.

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19
Q

Abandonment ______

A

The failure to continue care once it has been initiated.

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20
Q

Confidentiality _____

A

The safeguarding of a victim’s right to privacy as it

concerns his or her medical condition, etc.

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21
Q

Documentation _____

A

A form, like an accident report, that describes what was

seen, heard, and done during an emergency.

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22
Q

As you keep in mind the legal considerations explained in this chapter, read the following
scenario and answer the related questions: A female patron slips and falls on the deck. She hits
her head, and it is lightly bleeding. You ask for consent, but the patron refuses. She says she will
get dressed and go home.
a. What should you do?
A few minutes after the patron enters the locker room, another patron comes out and says the
woman is now unconscious in the locker room.
b. Should you help the patron now? Why or why not?

A

A- fill out a report and ask her to sign if not, write that down on the documentations.B- Then you would help her because she is unconscious it is called implied consent

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23
Q

What is the importance of the lifeguard team?

A

working together, following rules and regulations, acting fast when it comes to an emergency, and understanding how to wok like a team

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24
Q

The lifeguard team is part of a larger team - the _______________ ________________ team.

A

the lifeguard team and the safety team

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25
how to prevent injuries is defined as?
patron safety
26
what is risk management?
identifying dangerous conditions/ behaviors that can cause injury and then taking steps to minimize them
27
preventive life guarding
most time will be spent on trying to make sure emergencies don't happen
28
what are some examples of life- threatening injures?
submersion (nonfatal/drowning). injuries to the head, neck or back (spiral injuries), unconsciousness. breathing emergencies, cardiac emergencies, severe bleeding
29
what are the most two serious aquatic emergencies to prevent
drowning and head,neck and back injuries
30
Drowning is defined as?
happens when a person suffocates in the water
31
How are patrons informed of a potential injury at an aquatic facility?
Rules and regulations
32
when are safety checks conducted?
before opening the facility, during daily operations,at closing
33
what to do if you find an unsafe condition?
correct it if possible before the facility opens, if you cannot correct the problem, tell the LG supervisor immediately
34
While you are conducting a safety check, you find a large crack on the pool deck near the deep end. you should?
close off the area and tell the lifeguard supervisor right away 
35
what should lifeguards do in the event of a thunder and lightning?
clear everyone from the water at the first sound of thunder or first sight of lighting.
36
Patron surveillance is?
a lifeguards primary responsibility is to ensure patron safety and protect lives.
37
what is the primary tool to accomplish that function is patron surveillance ?
keeping a close watch over people in the facility, you will spend most of your time on patron surveillance, you must be alert and attentive at all times
38
what is the RID factor?
most drownings at supervised swim areas happen when neither lifeguards nor patrons notice that a victim had slipped below the surface
39
RID stands for?
Recognition Instructive Distraction
40
EAP(s)stands for?
Emergency action plans
41
What are EAP(s)
detailed plans describing everyone's responsibilities in an emergency and should be in the facility policies and procedures manual
42
When should EAP be practiced?
Regularly during orientation and in- service training sessions.
43
What are 4 signals that would help you recognize an emergency?
Unusual sighs, unusual odors, unusual behaviors, and unusual noises
44
If someone does not give consent, what do you do?
Call 9-1-1
45
What are situations in which you would call 9-1-1?
No signs of life, no breathing, unconsciousness, seizures, apparent poisoning, injured arm with bone showing through the skin, deep burn on face, trouble breathing, and severe bleeding that does not stop.
46
What are situations in which you would move a victim?
When the scene is unsafe, and when someone else is more injured and you need to get to that other person
47
What are ways you could minimize disease transmission?
Avoid touching, breathing, and biting the person
48
What are steps you would talk in checking a conscious person?
Check the scene, obtain consent, call 911, as the person what's their name, what happened, any allergies, where is the pain, any medical conditions, and is there any medications they take?
49
What would you do if someone was in shock?
Call 911, have the person lie down, and control and external bleeding
50
What is the best way to check to see if a person is unconscious?
Ask them, "Are you okay, are you okay?"
51
What is the most important step to take in an emergency situation?
Call 911
52
What are the signs of troubled breathing?
Slow or rapid breathing,, usually deep or shallow breathing, gasping for breath, unusually moist or cool skin, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and apprehensive or fearful feelings.
53
What care should you give to a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough, speak, or breathe?
Abdominal back thrusts and back blows
54
How long do you check for signs of life?
10 seconds
55
How long should one rescue breathe be?
1 second
56
What are the signs of a heart attack?
Trouble breathing, chest pain, loss of consciousness, discomfort, and nausea
57
How many cycles of CPR should be preformed in 2 minutes on an adult?
5 cycles
58
What is one cycle of compressions and breaths in CPR for an adult?
30 compressions, 2 rescue breaths
59
Why is early CPR an important link in the cardiac chain of survival?
It helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs until an AED is ready to use or emergency medical personnel arrives.
60
Why should you stop giving CPR?
If the scene becomes unsafe, you find a sign of life, AED is ready to use, you are too exhausted to continue, or another trained responder takes over.
61
What are the steps in treating a burn?
Check the scene for safety, stop the burning by removing the person from the source of the burn, check for life threatening conditions, cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water, cover the burn loosely, with a sterile dressing, prevent infection, take steps to minimize shock, keep the person from getting chilled or overheated, comfort and reassure the person.
62
How should a splint be applied?
Around the injury, top and bottom, check for skin discoloration and circulation
63
How do you care for a person who is having a seizure?
You call 911 and try to calm them down
64
What is a stroke?
Blood clot to the brain
65
What is a diabetic emergency?
When diabetics have too much sugar or don't have enough and need sugar.
66
What is a open fracture?
Bone sticking out of skin
67
What do you do for someone suffering from heat exhaustion?
Give them cool water, elevate them, call 911, take off their clothes, and get a fan on them.
68
What are the stages of heat exhaustion from least to most severe?
Cramps, exhaustion, and heat stroke
69
How should you care for someone with frostbite?
Keep the blood flowing, get cold wet clothes, anything wet off of them.
70
What are the steps in caring for a bleeding wound?
Apply pressure, wrap around the wound
71
What are the signs for internal bleeding?
Can taste iron, red / blue skin, tender, swollen or bruised skin, vomiting, or coughing blood.
72
What does FAST stand for?
Face, arm, speech, and time.
73
What do you do when someone who is allergic is stung by a bee?
Call 911
74
If you suspect that a conscious person has been poisoned who do you call?
Poison control center
75
Characterisitcs of a Professional Lifeguard. Lifeguards must be...
knowledgable with appropriate skills, reliable, mature, couteous and consistent, positive, and professional.
76
How to stay healthy and fit.
exercise, eat and hydrate properly, rest adequately, use sun protection, and refrain from using alcohol and other drugs.
77
Overexposure to the sun can cause...
sunburn, skin cancer, dehydration, heat exaustion, and heat stroke.
78
Dehydration is?
When a person loses more fluids than he/she consumes.
79
The Primary Responsibilities are?
Preventing injuries, enforcing rules, recognizing and responding quickly to emergencies, administering first aid and CPR, and informing others when help is needed.
80
Secondary Responsibilities are?
Filling out records and reports, maintenance, and inspecting the facility.
81
Job Description
Responsible for ensuring the safety of facility patrons by preventing and responding to emergencies.
82
FIND - F
Figure out the problem
83
FIND - I
Identify possible solutions
84
FIND - N
Name the pros and cons for each solution
85
FIND - D
Decide which solution is best
86
When is the FIND model used?
When making a desicion, but never in emergencies.
87
Standard of care ?
Communication to help prevent injuries, victim recognition, rescue attempts, and emergency care according to level of training.
88
Negligence?
Failure in following standard of care by failing to provide care, providing too much care (outside of your scope of training), providing innapropriate care, or failing to prevent problems.
89
Good Samaritan Laws
Protection for people who help someone within their scope of training and w/o negligence while not being paid. Good people, do good things!
90
What are 4 signals that would help you recognize an emergency?
Unusual sighs, unusual odors, unusual behaviors, and unusual noises
91
What are situations in which you would move a victim?
When the scene is unsafe, and when someone else is more injured and you need to get to that other person
92
What are steps you would talk in checking a conscious person?
Check the scene, obtain consent, call 911, as the person what's their name, what happened, any allergies, where is the pain, any medical conditions, and is there any medications they take?
93
What would you do if someone was in shock?
Call 911, have the person lie down, and control and external bleeding
94
What are the signs of troubled breathing?
Slow or rapid breathing,, usually deep or shallow breathing, gasping for breath, unusually moist or cool skin, shortness of breath, dizziness or lightheadedness, and apprehensive or fearful feelings.
95
What are the steps in treating a burn?
Check the scene for safety, stop the burning by removing the person from the source of the burn, check for life threatening conditions, cool the burn with large amounts of cold running water, cover the burn loosely, with a sterile dressing, prevent infection, take steps to minimize shock, keep the person from getting chilled or overheated, comfort and reassure the person.
96
How should a splint be applied?
Around the injury, top and bottom, check for skin discoloration and circulation 
97
3 C's?
Check, call, care
98
why should you not give your victim food ever?
Victim might go into surgery
99
how do you check a adult that's conscious, or a child?
Adult-head to toe, Child-toe to head
100
for every one minute care is delayed, your victim loses ____% chance of survival
10
101
how do you know if your victim is in shock?
shows signs of restlessness, vomiting, pale complexion, irregular breathing, half-conscious
102
what will the victim do in shock that is most important to check for? (Hint: food)
thirst for water
103
what to do after rolling victim face up?
Head tilt, chin lift
104
what to do if you see a victim that seems to be unconscious? before CPR
tap and shout
105
how long should one breath be, and what should it do to your victim?
1 second, make chest clearly rise
106
if your victim is having cardiac arrest, what do you do first?
call 911
107
definition of cardiac arrest
when your heart stops beating entirely
108
4 Early's?
early recognition, early CPR, early defibrillation, early EMS care
109
if victim is coughing for choking, _____the victim to do _____?
encourage, further coughs
110
what to do to a choking victim if conscious?
5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts
111
where do you thrust, and where does your fist go?
find navel, fist right above navel
112
if two breaths and two others don't go in on an unconscious adult, what do you do?
remove barrier, 30 chest compressions
113
what are the ABC's
airway, breathing, circulation
114
where do the AED pads go? think for them- left right difference....
upper right, lower left
115
what to do if AED is nearby First
turn on
116
CPR (definition)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
117
AED's meaning
Automatic External Defibrillator
118
where do the pads of AED have to go? (Hint: skin)
bare dry skin
119
how do you check a conscious victim
rolling into recovery
120
HAINES Recovery Position?
High Arm in Endangered Spine
121
ENAMES?
- Environmental Hazards - Number of Victims - Additional Resources - Mechanism of Injury - Extrication - Spinal Precautions
122
CABC?
- Consciousness --> Call 911 (Glove-up) - Airway (Open) - Breathing - Circulation
123
SAMPLE(D)?
- Signs and Symptoms - Age/Allergies - Medication - Past Medical History - Last oral intake - Events Proceeding - (Drugs/Diseases)
124
Obstructed Airway
* 30 Compressions * Check for objects * 2 Breaths
125
CPR (act of) adults?kids?
* 30 compressions (up to 2.5 in. for adult, 2in. for kids, 1.5in. for infants) * 2 Breaths
126
Types of Rescues and Assists
- Simple Assist - Reaching Assist - Active Front Rescue - Active Rear Rescue - Passive Rear Rescue - Submerged Shallow/Deep Water
127
4 Things to help ensure victim survival
Early Recognition/Response, Early CPR, Early Defibrillation, Early EMS Arrival
128
Cardiac Arrest?
failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract (usually caused by ventricular fibrillation) with consequent absence of the heart beat leading to oxygen lack and eventually to death
129
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib)
``` Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) abnormal heart rhythm which results in quivering of ventricles  ```
130
Ventricular tachycardia
abnormal heart rhythm in which the heart contracts too rapidly
131
Hepatitis C?
a liver disease that is the common bloodborne infection in the United States
132
2 Person CPR Ratios
Adult: still 30:2 | Child or Infant: 15:2
133
Secondary Assessment Mnemonic
``` S~signs and symptoms A~allergies M~medications P~pertinent Past Medical Information L~last Oral Intake E~events leading up to incident  ```
134
Signs and Symptoms questions to ask:
What happened? Do you feel any pain or discomfort? Where? Do you have any numbness? Where?
135
Allergies questions to ask:
Are you allergic to any foods or medications? What is your reaction?
136
Medications questions to ask:
Do you have any conditions you are medicated for? What are the medications? What are the conditions? What medications have you taken in the past 12 hours?
137
Pertinent Past Medical Information questions to ask:
Have you had any recent falls, accidents, or blows to the head? Have you had any recent medical, surgical, or trauma incidents?
138
Last Oral Intake questions to ask:
What was the last thing you had to eat? When? | What was the last thing you had to drink? When?
139
Events Leading Up to the Incident questions to ask:
What were you doing before this happened? | What were you doing when this happened?
140
Infant and Child CPR
1 Rescuer- 30 compressions per 2 breaths | 2 Rescuer- 15 compressions per 1 breath
141
Adult CPR
1 Rescuer- 30 compressions per 2 breaths | 2 Rescuer- 30 compressions per 2 breaths

Lifeguard Training (2 decks)

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