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Theme 3: The Excretory System and Renal Function > The posterior abdominal wall > Flashcards

The posterior abdominal wall Flashcards

1
Q

Bones

A

Lumbar vertebrae

Ribs 11/12

Ilia

Sacrum

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2
Q

Musculature

A

Diaphragm

Quadratus lumborum

Iliacus

Psoas

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3
Q

Diaphragm

A

Anchored by crura

Central tendon

Hiatus

  • T8: IVC
  • T10: oesophagus
  • T12- aorta
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4
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

Posterior to kidneys

Rib 12- iliac crest

Transverse abd-lat attachment

Abdominal stability/ lateral flexion

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5
Q

Iliacus and psoas

A

Iliacus: iliac blade

Psoas: lumbar vertebrae

Lesser trochanter femur

Hip flexors

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6
Q

Vein/ arteries

A

Diaphragm- superior and inferior phrenic

Quadratus lumborum- lumbar

Iliopsoas- lumbar

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7
Q

Nerves

A

Diaphragm- phrenic (C3-5), intercostal (T5-11), subcostal (T12)

Quadratus lumborum- lumbar (T12-L4)

Iliopsoas- femoral (L2-L4)

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8
Q

Aorta

A

3 midline vessels

Paired parietal

Paired visceral

Aneurysm- more common below renal arteries

Cause: atherosclerosis

Occlusion aortic bifurcation- claudication

Impotence

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9
Q

Innervation

A

Somatic: voluntary muscle control and sensation

Autonomic: outside out control

Autonomic system

  • in segmented structures
  • in viscera
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10
Q

Innervation in the abdomen

A

Somatic
- muscles of ant/ pos abdominal wall, joints, skin

Autonomic

  • in segmented structures
  • in viscera
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11
Q

Somatic nerves

A

Lumbar plexus (L1-L4)

Motor and sensory

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12
Q

Autonomic sympathetic

A

Segmented- sympathetic chain

Viscera- celiac, sup and inf mesenteric

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13
Q

Autonomic parasympathetic

A

Vagus

Pelvic splanchnic

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14
Q

Nerves to kidneys and adrenals

A

Suprarenals innervated by greater, lesser and least sp n

Celiac and aorticorenal ganglia

Kidneys innervated mostly by fibres from the least sp n

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15
Q

Somatic abdominal pain

A

Arises from

  • skin
  • fascia
  • muscle
  • parietal peritoneum

Precisely localised and severe

When occurring on one side from midline- lateralised

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16
Q

Visceral abdominal pain

A

Arises from

  • abdominal organs
  • mesenteries
  • visceral peritoneum

Causes

  • stretching viscus or mesentery
  • impaired blood supply to viscus
  • chemical damage to viscus

Dull and poorly localised

Pain is referred to midline

Colic pain is a form of visceral pain

17
Q

Referred pain

A

Pain at location other than side of origin stimulus but supplied by sam or adjacent segments of spinal cord

Both somatic and visceral structures may produce referred pain

18
Q

Referred visceral pain from stomach

A

T5-9

19
Q

Referred visceral pain from appendix

A

T10

20
Q

Referred visceral pain from gall bladder

A

T7-9

With parietal peritoneum involvement C3/4

Theme 3: The Excretory System and Renal Function (13 decks)

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